SAQA

All qualifications and part qualifications registered on the National Qualifications Framework are public property. Thus the only payment that can be made for them is for service and reproduction. It is illegal to sell this material for profit. If the material is reproduced or quoted, the South African Qualifications Authority (SAQA) should be acknowledged as the source.

SOUTH AFRICAN QUALIFICATIONS AUTHORITY

REGISTERED UNIT STANDARD THAT HAS PASSED THE END DATE:

Demonstrate a basic understanding of cement manufacturing

SAQA US ID	UNIT STANDARD TITLE
10455	Demonstrate a basic understanding of cement manufacturing
ORIGINATOR
SGB Mining and Minerals
PRIMARY OR DELEGATED QUALITY ASSURANCE FUNCTIONARY
-
FIELD			SUBFIELD
Field 06 - Manufacturing, Engineering and Technology			Engineering and Related Design
ABET BAND	UNIT STANDARD TYPE	PRE-2009 NQF LEVEL	NQF LEVEL	CREDITS
Undefined	Regular	Level 2	NQF Level 02	2
REGISTRATION STATUS		REGISTRATION START DATE	REGISTRATION END DATE	SAQA DECISION NUMBER
Passed the End Date - Status was "Reregistered"		2018-07-01	2023-06-30	SAQA 06120/18
LAST DATE FOR ENROLMENT		LAST DATE FOR ACHIEVEMENT
2024-06-30		2027-06-30

In all of the tables in this document, both the pre-2009 NQF Level and the NQF Level is shown. In the text (purpose statements, qualification rules, etc), any references to NQF Levels are to the pre-2009 levels unless specifically stated otherwise.

This unit standard does not replace any other unit standard and is not replaced by any other unit standard.

PURPOSE OF THE UNIT STANDARD

This unit standard will be useful to people who are working in the Portland cement manufacturing industry in South Africa. People credited with this unit standard are able to demonstrate a basic understanding of

the history of cement;

mining (quarrying) processes;

raw materials used in cement manufacture;

manufacturing processes;

nature of the product;

nature of the business and

statutory issues (S-H-E) with respect to the cement manufacturing industry.

LEARNING ASSUMED TO BE IN PLACE AND RECOGNITION OF PRIOR LEARNING

None.

UNIT STANDARD RANGE

Specific range statements are provided in the body of the unit standard where they apply to particular specific outcomes or assessment criteria.

Specific Outcomes and Assessment Criteria:

SPECIFIC OUTCOME 1

Describe the development of cement.

ASSESSMENT CRITERIA

ASSESSMENT CRITERION 1

1. The development of the cement manufacturing process is explained.

ASSESSMENT CRITERION RANGE

Range must include the following:

Previous processes (lime based mortars)

The patenting of Portland Cement

The function of the kiln

Various processes

Further developments and technology

ASSESSMENT CRITERION 2

2. The development of the cement manufacturing industry in South Africa is outlined in terms of specified requirements.

SPECIFIC OUTCOME 2

Name and identify the raw materials.

ASSESSMENT CRITERIA

ASSESSMENT CRITERION 1

1. The various raw materials used in the cement manufacturing process are listed.

ASSESSMENT CRITERION RANGE

Range must include the following:

Plant specific raw materials

Energy sources

Extenders used in the cement manufacturing process

ASSESSMENT CRITERION 2

2. The various raw materials used in the cement manufacturing process are identified.

ASSESSMENT CRITERION RANGE

Range must include the following:

Plant specific raw materials

Energy sources

Extenders used in the cement manufacturing process

ASSESSMENT CRITERION 3

3. The functions of the various raw materials are explained.

ASSESSMENT CRITERION RANGE

Range must include the following:

Plant specific raw materials

Energy sources

Extenders used in the cement manufacturing process

SPECIFIC OUTCOME 3

Describe the preparation and processing of materials in the cement manufacturing process.

ASSESSMENT CRITERIA

ASSESSMENT CRITERION 1

1. The materials extraction (mining) stages of the process are explained.

ASSESSMENT CRITERION RANGE

Range must include the following:

Exploration

Drilling and blasting

Loading and hauling

Crushing and screening

Stacking and blending

ASSESSMENT CRITERION 2

2. The clinker manufacturing stages of the processes are explained.

ASSESSMENT CRITERION RANGE

Range must include the following:

Reclaiming

Proportioning

Raw milling

Blending

Burning

ASSESSMENT CRITERION 3

3. The cement manufacturing stage of the process is explained.

ASSESSMENT CRITERION RANGE

Range must include the following:

Extraction

Proportioning

Finish milling

Storage

ASSESSMENT CRITERION 4

4. The despatch and sales stage of the process is explained.

ASSESSMENT CRITERION RANGE

Range must include the following:

Extraction

Bagging

Palletising

Sales

SPECIFIC OUTCOME 4

Describe the nature of the product and its various applications.

ASSESSMENT CRITERIA

ASSESSMENT CRITERION 1

1. The nature of the product is described.

ASSESSMENT CRITERION RANGE

Range must include the following:

SABS/ENV Classification

Reaction with water and aggregates

Physical appearance

Hazards

ASSESSMENT CRITERION 2

2. The various applications of the product are explained.

ASSESSMENT CRITERION RANGE

Range must include the following:

Concrete

Concrete products

Cementitious products

Mortars

Plasters

ASSESSMENT CRITERION 3

3. The difference between cement and concrete is explained.

SPECIFIC OUTCOME 5

Describe the nature of the business.

ASSESSMENT CRITERIA

ASSESSMENT CRITERION 1

1. The difference between island and base factories is explained.

ASSESSMENT CRITERION 2

2. The impact of transport costs on the business is explained.

ASSESSMENT CRITERION 3

3. The high volume / low value nature of the business is explained.

ASSESSMENT CRITERION 4

4. The capital-intensive nature of the business is explained.

ASSESSMENT CRITERION 5

5. The high level of technology is explained.

SPECIFIC OUTCOME 6

Demonstrate understanding of statutory issues.

ASSESSMENT CRITERIA

ASSESSMENT CRITERION 1

1. The impact of various statutes on the business is explained.

ASSESSMENT CRITERION RANGE

Range must include the following:

Environmental

Health & Safety

ASSESSMENT CRITERION 2

2. The importance of complying with requirements for the SABS/EN listing is explained.

UNIT STANDARD ACCREDITATION AND MODERATION OPTIONS

1. Anyone assessing a learner against this unit standard must be registered as an assessor with the relevant ETQA.
2. Any institution offering learning that will enable achievement of this unit standard must be accredited as a provider through the relevant ETQA by SAQA.
3. Moderation of assessment will be overseen by the relevant ETQA according to the moderation guidelines in the relevant qualification and the agreed ETQA procedures.

UNIT STANDARD ESSENTIAL EMBEDDED KNOWLEDGE

Essential embedded knowledge will be assessed through assessment of the specific outcomes in terms of the stipulated assessment criteria. Without knowledge of the listed embedded knowledge, candidates are unlikely to achieve all the specific outcomes to the standards described in the assessment criteria. This means that for the most part, the possession or lack of the knowledge can be directly inferred from the quality of the candidate`s performance. Where direct assessment of knowledge is required, assessment criteria have been included in the body of the unit standard.

UNIT STANDARD DEVELOPMENTAL OUTCOME

N/A

UNIT STANDARD LINKAGES

N/A

Critical Cross-field Outcomes (CCFO):

UNIT STANDARD CCFO IDENTIFYING

Identify and solve problems and make decisions using critical and creative thinking.

Note: The ability of the candidate to identify substandard and hazardous conditions, assess and take appropriate action.

UNIT STANDARD CCFO WORKING

Work effectively with others as a member of a team, group, organisation or community.

Note: The ability and willingness of the candidate to accept and interpret work instructions correctly.

UNIT STANDARD CCFO ORGANISING

Organise and manage himself / herself and his / her activities responsibly and effectively.

Note: The ability of the candidate to indicate what methods, tools and personal protective equipment are required, and to communicate to fellow workers his / her intentions and the assistance required.

UNIT STANDARD CCFO COLLECTING

Collect, analyse, organise and critically evaluate information.

Note: The ability of the candidate to reconcile the information from visual and physical examinations and constantly evaluate the changing situation.

UNIT STANDARD CCFO COMMUNICATING

Communicate effectively, using visual, mathematical and / or language skills in the modes of oral and / or written presentations.

Note: The appropriate communication with the relevant personnel with regard to the reporting of hazards and substandard conditions will indicate his / her proficiency in effective communication.

UNIT STANDARD CCFO SCIENCE

Use science and technology effectively and critically, thus showing responsibility towards the environment and health of others.

Note: The use of science and technology is not relevant for this unit standard.

UNIT STANDARD CCFO DEMONSTRATING

Demonstrate an understanding of the world as a set of related systems by recognising that problem-solving contexts do not exist in isolation.

Note: The ability of the candidate to identify and refer anomalous behaviour to a specialist confirms his / her understanding of the fact that a specific observation, inference, action or decision may have a devastating effect.

UNIT STANDARD ASSESSOR CRITERIA

N/A

REREGISTRATION HISTORY

As per the SAQA Board decision/s at that time, this unit standard was Reregistered in 2012; 2015.

UNIT STANDARD NOTES

1. TERMINOLOGY:

Specified requirements include legal and site-specific requirements and are contained in one or more of the following documents:

1.1 LEGAL

Relevant Acts, e.g. Mine Health & Safety Act, 1996 (Act No. 29/1996), and Minerals Act and Regulations, 1991 (Act No. 50/1991)

Mandatory Codes of Practice

SABS and other relevant standards

Chief Inspector of Mines` Directives

1.2 SITE-SPECIFIC

Hazard Identification and Risk Assessments (HIRA)

Occupational Health and Safety Risk Management Programme

Managerial Instructions

Mine Standard Procedures

List of Recorded OH&S Risks

Working Guides

Equipment and Materials Specifications

2. NOTES TO ASSESSORS:

Assessors should keep the following principles in mind when designing and conducting assessments against this unit standard:

Focus the assessment activities on gathering evidence in terms of the main outcome expressed in the title to ensure assessment is integrated rather than fragmented. Remember, we want to declare the person competent in terms of the title. Where assessment at title level is unmanageable, then focus assessment around each specific outcome, or groups of specific outcomes.

Make sure evidence is gathered across the entire range, wherever it applies. Assessment activities should be as close to the real performance as possible, and where simulations or role-plays are used, there should be supporting evidence to show the candidate is able to perform in the real situation.

Do not focus the assessment activities on each assessment criterion. Rather make sure the assessment activities focus on outcomes and are sufficient to enable evidence to be gathered around all the assessment criteria.

The assessment criteria provide the specifications against which assessment judgements should be made. In most cases, knowledge can be inferred from the quality of the performances, but in other cases, knowledge and understanding will have to be tested through questioning techniques. Where this is required, there will be assessment criteria to specify the standard required.

The task of the assessor is to gather sufficient evidence - of the prescribed type and quality as specified in this unit standard - that the candidate can achieve the outcomes again and again and again. This means assessors will have to judge how many repeat performances are required before they believe the performance is reproducible.

All assessments should be conducted in line with the following well-documented principles of assessment, namely appropriateness, fairness, manageability, integration into work or learning, validity, direct, authentic, sufficient, systematic, open and consistent.

QUALIFICATIONS UTILISING THIS UNIT STANDARD:

	ID	QUALIFICATION TITLE	PRE-2009 NQF LEVEL	NQF LEVEL	STATUS	END DATE	PRIMARY OR DELEGATED QA FUNCTIONARY
Elective	58267	General Education and Training Certificate: Mining and Minerals Processes	Level 1	NQF Level 01	Passed the End Date - Status was "Reregistered"	2023-06-30	MQA

PROVIDERS CURRENTLY ACCREDITED TO OFFER THIS UNIT STANDARD:

This information shows the current accreditations (i.e. those not past their accreditation end dates), and is the most complete record available to SAQA as of today. Some Primary or Delegated Quality Assurance Functionaries have a lag in their recording systems for provider accreditation, in turn leading to a lag in notifying SAQA of all the providers that they have accredited to offer qualifications and unit standards, as well as any extensions to accreditation end dates. The relevant Primary or Delegated Quality Assurance Functionary should be notified if a record appears to be missing from here.

NONE