SAQA

All qualifications and part qualifications registered on the National Qualifications Framework are public property. Thus the only payment that can be made for them is for service and reproduction. It is illegal to sell this material for profit. If the material is reproduced or quoted, the South African Qualifications Authority (SAQA) should be acknowledged as the source.

SOUTH AFRICAN QUALIFICATIONS AUTHORITY

REGISTERED UNIT STANDARD THAT HAS PASSED THE END DATE:

Manage crowds

SAQA US ID	UNIT STANDARD TITLE
115337	Manage crowds
ORIGINATOR
SGB Visible Policing
PRIMARY OR DELEGATED QUALITY ASSURANCE FUNCTIONARY
-
FIELD			SUBFIELD
Field 08 - Law, Military Science and Security			Safety in Society
ABET BAND	UNIT STANDARD TYPE	PRE-2009 NQF LEVEL	NQF LEVEL	CREDITS
Undefined	Regular	Level 4	NQF Level 04	8
REGISTRATION STATUS		REGISTRATION START DATE	REGISTRATION END DATE	SAQA DECISION NUMBER
Passed the End Date - Status was "Registered"		2004-12-02	2007-12-02	SAQA 1057/04
LAST DATE FOR ENROLMENT		LAST DATE FOR ACHIEVEMENT
2008-12-02		2011-12-02

In all of the tables in this document, both the pre-2009 NQF Level and the NQF Level is shown. In the text (purpose statements, qualification rules, etc), any references to NQF Levels are to the pre-2009 levels unless specifically stated otherwise.

This unit standard does not replace any other unit standard and is not replaced by any other unit standard.

PURPOSE OF THE UNIT STANDARD

This unit standard is for police officials who react to spontaneous crowd management operations. This unit standard will contribute towards compliance with ethical -, legal - and organisational requirements applicable to the management of crowds.

Persons credited with this unit standard will be able to manage crowds in a manner that is both acceptable to the community and the SAPS whilst simultaneously minimizing possibilities of injuries and attacks on police officials. Crowd management will be carried out in a credible manner that is free of discrimination.

A learner credited with this unit standard will be able to:

Understand the fundamental knowledge that impact on crowd management with reference to related legal, policy and procedural framework

Execute crowd management techniques

Handle personal equipment used for crowd management purposes

Apply force against crowds within the legal and policy framework

LEARNING ASSUMED TO BE IN PLACE AND RECOGNITION OF PRIOR LEARNING

The assumption is made that learners possess communication competencies at NQF level 4, comply to selection criteria for a police official in a police organization, have been introduced to the social dynamic's that influence policing and fundamental policing principles.

Understand and know the law that is applicable to policing powers and functions is required.

Competency in the principles and techniques of tactical movement is assumed.

Competency in the use of force for upholding and enforcing the law is assumed.

Competency in the use of primary weapons is assumed.

Competency in the use and application of tactical equipment is assumed.

Competency in the searching of people, vehicles and premises is assumed.

UNIT STANDARD RANGE

This unit standard includes:

Spontaneous gatherings

Peaceful gatherings

Sporting events

This unit standard excludes:

The actual management of the operation

Unrest situations

High threat situations

The use of Special Equipment

Specific Outcomes and Assessment Criteria:

SPECIFIC OUTCOME 1

Prepare for crowd management operations.

ASSESSMENT CRITERIA

ASSESSMENT CRITERION 1

Personal equipment is issued according to briefing or duty arrangements.

ASSESSMENT CRITERION 2

All firearms and munitions are inspected and recorded on relevant duty registers.

ASSESSMENT CRITERION 3

Crowd management equipment is issued according to a briefing received from the commander or as stipulated in an operational plan.

ASSESSMENT CRITERION 4

Officials are dressed according to instructions (demonstrate uniformity).

ASSESSMENT CRITERION 5

Mobilisation takes place according to the moving order or instruction.

ASSESSMENT CRITERION 6

Officials are deployed at the scene of the operation in a manner that would not provoke the escalation of disorder.

SPECIFIC OUTCOME 2

Execute crowd management techniques.

OUTCOME RANGE

Include: foot and indoor techniques protecting key points, contain crowds, disperse crowds.
Exclude: Vehicle formations.

ASSESSMENT CRITERIA

ASSESSMENT CRITERION 1

Participants are prevented from entering unauthorised areas with formations that matches the threat.

ASSESSMENT CRITERION NOTES

Unauthorised area refers to: an identified key point, neutral zone established for safety purposes, or identified operational personnel.

ASSESSMENT CRITERION 2

Indoor techniques are executed with shields and helmets in a manner that will achieve the objective.

ASSESSMENT CRITERION NOTES

Objective refers to: the safe removal of participants from the building or contained to a specified area.

ASSESSMENT CRITERION 3

Cohesiveness, team effort, uniformity, coherence and coordination are displayed in all formations and actions.

ASSESSMENT CRITERION NOTES

Cohesive refers to; uniform, no individual action, coordinated, good communication

ASSESSMENT CRITERION 4

Officials identified for the use offensive weapons are nominated before offensive action is taken. (Roles and equipment is determined before the operation starts).

ASSESSMENT CRITERION 5

All offensive actions are executed on instruction only.

ASSESSMENT CRITERION NOTES

Safely refers to the safety of the members in the formation and the participants of the crowd, considering the limitations and restriction of the offensive equipment/weapons.

SPECIFIC OUTCOME 3

Use personal equipment related to crowd management.

OUTCOME RANGE

Gasmask, Shield, Helmet and Baton

ASSESSMENT CRITERIA

ASSESSMENT CRITERION 1

Equipment is maintained, transported and stored according to manufacturing specifications

ASSESSMENT CRITERION 2

Equipment is fitted according to manufacturing specifications

ASSESSMENT CRITERION 3

Equipment is used in a manner that match the threat/situation

ASSESSMENT CRITERION 4

The baton techniques used complies with the criteria set by organizational procedures and policy.

SPECIFIC OUTCOME 4

Apply force against crowds.

OUTCOME RANGE

Conflict resolution

OC spray

CS canister and rifle grenade

Rubber rounds

Stun grenades.

ASSESSMENT CRITERIA

ASSESSMENT CRITERION 1

Attempts to negotiate with the crowd are made before and after physical force is applied.

ASSESSMENT CRITERION 2

Actions that are taken do not provoke or result in a higher level of violence.

ASSESSMENT CRITERION 3

Actions that are taken do not compromise the safety of the policing officials or other persons.

ASSESSMENT CRITERION 4

Actions that are taken complied with the legal policy and procedural framework of the organisation.

ASSESSMENT CRITERION 5

All actions that are taken result in the de-escalation of violence.

UNIT STANDARD ACCREDITATION AND MODERATION OPTIONS

1. Candidates are assessed against these assessment criteria. An assessor observes currently employed candidates carrying out their normal work duties. They may also be asked to carry out simulated tasks and to answer written and/or oral questions. Candidates studying towards a Unit Standard, and who are not currently employed, will also be assessed using variety of assessment tools.
2. Anyone assessing a learner against this unit standard must be registered as an assessor with the relevant ETQA.
3. Any institution offering learning that will enable achievement of this unit standard must be accredited as a provider through the relevant ETQA by SAQA.
4. Moderation of assessment will be overseen by the relevant ETQA according to the moderation guidelines in the relevant qualification and the agreed ETQA procedures

The standard describes competent performance in doing physical techniques that will enhance their job performance, and lay down the criteria by which competence should be judged, as well as the range of circumstances in which competence should be demonstrated.

UNIT STANDARD ESSENTIAL EMBEDDED KNOWLEDGE

A comprehensive understanding of the relevant legislation, and procedures and practices.

A broad understanding of crowd dynamics in terms of the theories of Le Bon, Turner, Smelser and Reicher, the limitations, safety measures and application of crowd management equipment. Gas Mask, Shield, Helmet, OC CS, Stun grenade, relevant crowd management techniques, referral to application, the 5 stairs process for conflict resolution relevant to crowds, sec 9(1) (2) of the Gatherings Act, the application process to hold gatherings, tactical options for crowd management, principles for the use of force in policing.

Legal:

Section 9 Act 205/1995 Powers of the Police

Section 20 to 49 of CPA Act 51/1977

Sections 11,12,10 and 199 Constitution Act

Section 13 (3)(b) Police Act 68/1995

UNIT STANDARD DEVELOPMENTAL OUTCOME

The following critical cross field outcomes need to be addressed and assessed in this unit standard:

Decision making must be developed in this standard during practical exercises. Learners must be left to make their own decision, which must be debriefed.

Creativity needs to be developed by measuring learner's performance to the principles rather than a specific technique.

High emphasis is placed on problem solving ability during exercises. Exercises and scenarios have a variety to ensure problem solving ability is developed and not stereotyped step that the person can not apply in practice.

The following policing specific outcomes must be assessed;
1. Courage to take risk and even put own life at risk to save others.
2. Discipline to accept instructions and policy
3. Physical ability to do the job (includes fitness and health required to move in the field with the sections without putting themselves in danger).
4. Patriotism and loyalty to the country and its entire people.

UNIT STANDARD LINKAGES

N/A

Critical Cross-field Outcomes (CCFO):

UNIT STANDARD CCFO WORKING

Ability to be a team player in order to establish synergy during joint operations and in teams.

UNIT STANDARD CCFO ORGANISING

Organize one self and ones activities while preparing personal equipment and plan own tasks for operational actions.

UNIT STANDARD CCFO COLLECTING

Collect, evaluate, organize and critically evaluate information during policing task, interpret it to determine safe action that comply to legal and policy requirements.

UNIT STANDARD CCFO SCIENCE

Technology ability in using equipment such as GPS, radios, and special equipment.

UNIT STANDARD CCFO DEMONSTRATING

Understand the world as a set of related systems by understanding the consequences of illegal or public unacceptable use of force actions and decisions.

UNIT STANDARD ASSESSOR CRITERIA

N/A

UNIT STANDARD NOTES

Integrated assessment methods and tools will allow the candidate to demonstrate that she/he has acquired knowledge of and can safely and effectively apply competence identified in this unit standard.

These tools include the following:

In-site (on-the-job) observations

Role-play simulations

Structured group discussions

Written reports (e.g. tests, exams, case studies, projects, registers, logbooks, workbooks)

Verbal report backs (presentations)

Portfolios of evidence

Projects (physical visits to Government Departments)

Experiential learning

Working in teams

Scenario sketching

These methods must be carefully selected based on the purpose of the assessment (For example, the written method of assessing knowledge or on-job demonstration of practical competence). The assessment must integrate a number of different methods in order to give the assessor reliable and valid proof of competence and evidence of required attitudes.

Supplementary information

Specified requirements
Specified requirements include legal and legislative specific requirements and are contained in one or more of the following documents:

Criminal Procedure Act, 1977 (Act 51 of 1977)

Constitution of South Africa

South African Police Service Act, 1995 (Act 68 of 1995)

A glossary of terms about the terminology: crowd management

Context specific
Specifications, agreements and policies and procedures:

Policy Document on Crowd Management
Policing ethics and Code of Conduct

QUALIFICATIONS UTILISING THIS UNIT STANDARD:

	ID	QUALIFICATION TITLE	PRE-2009 NQF LEVEL	NQF LEVEL	STATUS	END DATE	PRIMARY OR DELEGATED QA FUNCTIONARY
Elective	48865	National Diploma: Policing	Level 5	Level TBA: Pre-2009 was L5	Passed the End Date - Status was "Registered"	2007-12-02	Was SAS SETA until Last Date for Achievement

PROVIDERS CURRENTLY ACCREDITED TO OFFER THIS UNIT STANDARD:

This information shows the current accreditations (i.e. those not past their accreditation end dates), and is the most complete record available to SAQA as of today. Some Primary or Delegated Quality Assurance Functionaries have a lag in their recording systems for provider accreditation, in turn leading to a lag in notifying SAQA of all the providers that they have accredited to offer qualifications and unit standards, as well as any extensions to accreditation end dates. The relevant Primary or Delegated Quality Assurance Functionary should be notified if a record appears to be missing from here.

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