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SOUTH AFRICAN QUALIFICATIONS AUTHORITY 
REGISTERED UNIT STANDARD THAT HAS PASSED THE END DATE: 

Demonstrate an understanding of the refractory materials, products and processes 
SAQA US ID UNIT STANDARD TITLE
13974  Demonstrate an understanding of the refractory materials, products and processes 
ORIGINATOR
SGB Civil Engineering Construction 
PRIMARY OR DELEGATED QUALITY ASSURANCE FUNCTIONARY
-  
FIELD SUBFIELD
Field 12 - Physical Planning and Construction Civil Engineering Construction 
ABET BAND UNIT STANDARD TYPE PRE-2009 NQF LEVEL NQF LEVEL CREDITS
Undefined  Regular  Level 3  NQF Level 03  5 
REGISTRATION STATUS REGISTRATION START DATE REGISTRATION END DATE SAQA DECISION NUMBER
Passed the End Date -
Status was "Reregistered" 		 2018-07-01  2023-06-30  SAQA 06120/18 
LAST DATE FOR ENROLMENT LAST DATE FOR ACHIEVEMENT
2024-06-30   2027-06-30  

In all of the tables in this document, both the pre-2009 NQF Level and the NQF Level is shown. In the text (purpose statements, qualification rules, etc), any references to NQF Levels are to the pre-2009 levels unless specifically stated otherwise.  

This unit standard does not replace any other unit standard and is not replaced by any other unit standard. 

PURPOSE OF THE UNIT STANDARD 
This unit standard is for anyone who has to work in refractory construction context and need to understand the fundamental concepts regarding materials and products used within this domain.

A person credited with this unit standard is able to:
  • demonstrate an understanding of the composition of materials and products used in refractory installations or repairs,
  • demonstrate an understanding of the purpose and function of materials or products used in refractory installations or repairs,
  • demonstrate an understanding of material specifications and regulations,
  • demonstrate an understanding of equipment and mechanical aids used during refractory installation and maintenance procedures.

    This unit will contribute to the full development of the learner within the refractory construction environment by providing recognition, further mobility and transportability within the field of construction. The skills, knowledge and understanding demonstrated within this unit standard are essential for social and economic transformation and progression within the construction and civil engineering contexts. 
    		•

    LEARNING ASSUMED TO BE IN PLACE AND RECOGNITION OF PRIOR LEARNING 
    Description of required skills, knowledge and understanding on:
  • Literacy and numeracy NQF 2,
  • Fundamental physics and chemistry. 
    		•

    UNIT STANDARD RANGE 
    In the context of this unit standard refractory materials and products refer to bricks/blocks or tiles, ceramic fibres, castables, mouldables, gunite materials, mortars, stainless steel or ceramic anchors.

    The level assigned to this unit standard is appropriate because the process requires a range of well-developed skills and offers a significant choice of procedures. Some relevant theoretical knowledge, interpretation of available information, discretion and judgement, as well as a range of known responses to familiar problems are employed. The application of this unit standard is to qualify the person for certification in skilled occupations.

    The credit value assigned to this unit standard is appropriate and reflects the average length of time for an average qualifying learning to become competent.

    Recommended contact time and individual learning = 40 h
    Recommended time spent in structured learning in the workplace and assessment = 10h
    Total notional hours = 50h 

    Specific Outcomes and Assessment Criteria: 

    SPECIFIC OUTCOME 1 
    Demonstrate an understanding of the composition of materials and products. 
    OUTCOME NOTES 
    Demonstrate an understanding of the composition of materials and products used in refractory installations or repairs. 
    OUTCOME RANGE 
  • Materials and products refer to refractory monolithic materials and brick or blocks.
  • Materials may include ceramic rope, ceramic paper, wool, blankets, modules, cartons, sprays or mortars (heat and/or air setting).
  • Bricks with various composition and sizes.
  • Chemical compositions and physical properties of bricks/ blocks or tiles.
  • Physical properties of bricks/blocks. 
    		•

    ASSESSMENT CRITERIA     

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 1 
    1. The factors that influence the composition of materials or products used in refractory installations or repairs are identified according to scientific principles. 

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 2 
    2. The causes of defective or non-conforming materials or products are identified and explained according to scientific principles. 

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 3 
    3. Factors affecting the consistency of mortar/concrete or monolithics mixtures are identified according to standard operating procedures. 

    SPECIFIC OUTCOME 2 
    Demonstrate an understanding of the purpose and function of materials or products. 
    OUTCOME NOTES 
    Demonstrate an understanding of the purpose and function of materials or products used in refractory installations or repairs. 

    ASSESSMENT CRITERIA     

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 1 
    1. The functions and applications of materials and products used for refractory installations or repairs are identified. 

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 2 
    2. The principles of refractory construction and engineering techniques and processes used during installation and or maintenance procedures are identified according to fundamental refractory construction and engineering principles. 
    ASSESSMENT CRITERION RANGE 
    Refractory construction techniques refer to anchorage, brick/block work, castable/mouldable materials and ceramic fibre linings.
     

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 3 
    3. The principles of formwork and shuttering are identified according to fundamental refractory construction and engineering principles. 

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 4 
    4. The principles of mixing techniques and processes are identified according to fundamental refractory principles. 
    ASSESSMENT CRITERION RANGE 
    Mixing techniques refer to refractory guniting materials, refractory mortar, concrete and monolithics materials.
     

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 5 
    5. Castable/mouldable refractory materials are prepared and verified according to standard operating procedures. 
    ASSESSMENT CRITERION RANGE 
    Non-conforming castables/mouldables may include setting time expired, contaminated castables/mouldables, unworkable or inconsistent castables/mouldables.
     

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 6 
    6. The purpose of contraction/expansion joints and breather holes are identified according to fundamental refractory principles. 

    SPECIFIC OUTCOME 3 
    Demonstrate an understanding of quality and safety requirements. 

    ASSESSMENT CRITERIA     

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 1 
    1. Material or product parameters are identified according to standard operating procedures. 

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 2 
    2. Statutory and safety, health and environment legislation requirements are explained according to referred current legislation and amendments. 

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 3 
    3. The importance of curing of materials or products is explained according to fundamental refractory principles. 
    ASSESSMENT CRITERION RANGE 
    Curing may refer to with wet blankets/plastic sheets, water/chemical sprays/coating.
     

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 4 
    4. Hazards identified during the handling or cutting of materials/products are identified according to standard operating procedures. 

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 5 
    5. The verification requirements for castable/mouldable refractory materials are identified according to standard operating procedures. 
    ASSESSMENT CRITERION RANGE 
    Non-conforming castables/mouldables may include setting time expired, contaminated castables/mouldables, unworkable or inconsistent castables/mouldables.
     

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 6 
    6. The importance of test panels is described according to standard operating procedures. 

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 7 
    7. Factors influencing the preparations of background prior to refractory installation or repair work are explained according to standard operating procedures. 
    ASSESSMENT CRITERION RANGE 
    Background surfaces may include metal, wooden, concrete, brick or insulation boards.
     

    SPECIFIC OUTCOME 4 
    Demonstrate an understanding of equipment and mechanical aids. 
    OUTCOME NOTES 
    Demonstrate an understanding of equipment and mechanical aids used during refractory installation and maintenance procedures. 

    ASSESSMENT CRITERIA     

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 1 
    1. The usage and function of equipment and tools are identified according to scientific principles. 
    ASSESSMENT CRITERION RANGE 
    Equipment refer to guniting equipment, vibrating equipment, mechanical mixer equipment, pneumatic rammers or tamping tool rammers.
     

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 2 
    2. The use and function of cutting equipment used for cutting pre-formed refractory materials are identified according to scientific principles. 
    ASSESSMENT CRITERION RANGE 
    Cutting equipment may refer to spade, trimming lining surface with scraper, Scutch hammer and bolster surface roughener or brick cutting machine.
     

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 3 
    3. The usage and function of scaffolding or working platforms are explained according to standard operating procedures. 

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 4 
    4. Safety and good handling practices are described according to standard operating procedures. 

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 5 
    5. Cleaning and fundamental maintenance procedures are identified according to standard operating procedures. 


    UNIT STANDARD ACCREDITATION AND MODERATION OPTIONS 
  • Internal moderation.
  • External moderation.
  • An assessor, accredited by the relevant ETQA, will assess the learner's competency.
  • Assessment procedures will be supplied by the ETQA in alignment with NSB requirements.
  • All assessment activities must be fair, so that all candidates have equal opportunities. Activities must be free of gender, ethnic or other bias.
  • Assessment and moderation procedures, activities and tools must be transparent, affordable and support development within the field, sub-field and NQF.
  • Questions and answers to determine theoretical knowledge are expected.
  • Examination of an assessment portfolio.
  • Reporting skills are demonstrated by effective communication, using verbal (language) and/or writing skills. 
    		•

    UNIT STANDARD ESSENTIAL EMBEDDED KNOWLEDGE 
    Embedded knowledge is reflected within the assessment criteria of each specific outcome and critical cross-field outcomes. 


    Critical Cross-field Outcomes (CCFO): 

    UNIT STANDARD CCFO IDENTIFYING 
    Identify and solve problems in which response displays that responsible decisions, using critical and creative thinking, have been made by:
  • demonstrate an understanding of the composition of materials and products used in refractory installations or repairs,
  • demonstrate an understanding of the purpose and function of materials or products used in refractory installations or repairs,
  • demonstrate an understanding of material specifications and regulations,
  • demonstrate an understanding of equipment and mechanical aids used during refractory installation and maintenance procedures. 
    		•

    UNIT STANDARD CCFO COLLECTING 
    Collect, analyse, organise and critically evaluate information by:
  • demonstrate an understanding of the composition of materials and products used in refractory installations or repairs,
  • demonstrate an understanding of the purpose and function of materials or products used in refractory installations or repairs,
  • demonstrate an understanding of material specifications and regulations,
  • demonstrate an understanding of equipment and mechanical aids used during refractory installation and maintenance procedures. 
    		•

    UNIT STANDARD CCFO SCIENCE 
    Use science and technology effectively and critically, showing responsibility towards the environment and health of others by:
  • demonstrate an understanding of the composition of materials and products used in refractory installations or repairs,
  • demonstrate an understanding of the purpose and function of materials or products used in refractory installations or repairs,
  • demonstrate an understanding of material specifications and regulations,
  • demonstrate an understanding of equipment and mechanical aids used during refractory installation and maintenance procedures. 
    		•

    UNIT STANDARD CCFO CONTRIBUTING 
    Contribute to the full personal development of each learner and the social and economic development of the society at large:
  • demonstrate an understanding of the composition of materials and products used in refractory installations or repairs,
  • demonstrate an understanding of the purpose and function of materials or products used in refractory installations or repairs,
  • demonstrate an understanding of material specifications and regulations,
  • demonstrate an understanding of equipment and mechanical aids used during refractory installation and maintenance procedures. 
    		•

    REREGISTRATION HISTORY 
    As per the SAQA Board decision/s at that time, this unit standard was Reregistered in 2012; 2015. 

    UNIT STANDARD NOTES 
    Legal requirements:

    The following acts and/or codes, current and future regulations and amendments will be applicable:
  • Mines and Works Act,
  • National Building Regulations,
  • Occupational Health and Safety Act, No. 85 of 1993,
  • Applicable SABS and/or International standards and requirements,
  • ISO 9000 & 14000

    Definition of terms within this unit standard:

    Anchorage refers to metal or stainless steel fasteners.

    Guniting equipment refers to compressor, air receivers, air pipes, feed pipes, water pipes, electrical cables, water pumps, nozzles and water mixers, double chamber gunite machines, open top single chamber gunite machines, rotor guns and refractory spraying machines.

    Mechanical aids refer to cranes, fork lifts and conveyer belts.

    Standard operating procedures refer to company procedures, prescribed procedures from the manufacturer, personal, equipment and environmental safety procedures, good manufacturing practices, best practices, time frames, applicable legislation and specifications.

    Vibrators refer to hand held or fixed pneumatic, hydraulic, electric, mechanical driven tools. 
    		•

    QUALIFICATIONS UTILISING THIS UNIT STANDARD: 
      ID QUALIFICATION TITLE PRE-2009 NQF LEVEL NQF LEVEL STATUS END DATE PRIMARY OR DELEGATED QA FUNCTIONARY
    Core  22992   National Certificate: Refractories Masonry  Level 3  NQF Level 03  Passed the End Date -
    Status was "Reregistered"     		 2023-06-30  CETA 
    Elective  66449   National Certificate: Foundry Operations  Level 3  NQF Level 03  Passed the End Date -
    Status was "Reregistered"     		 2013-11-07  MERSETA 
    Elective  63349   National Certificate: Molten Glass Production  Level 3  NQF Level 03  Passed the End Date -
    Status was "Reregistered"     		 2023-06-30  CHIETA 
    Elective  57692   Further Education and Training Certificate: Carbonate Materials Manufacturing Processes  Level 4  NQF Level 04  Passed the End Date -
    Status was "Reregistered"     		 2023-06-30  MQA 


    PROVIDERS CURRENTLY ACCREDITED TO OFFER THIS UNIT STANDARD: 
    This information shows the current accreditations (i.e. those not past their accreditation end dates), and is the most complete record available to SAQA as of today. Some Primary or Delegated Quality Assurance Functionaries have a lag in their recording systems for provider accreditation, in turn leading to a lag in notifying SAQA of all the providers that they have accredited to offer qualifications and unit standards, as well as any extensions to accreditation end dates. The relevant Primary or Delegated Quality Assurance Functionary should be notified if a record appears to be missing from here.
     
    1. PPC Ltd 
    2. West Coast TVET College 


    All qualifications and part qualifications registered on the National Qualifications Framework are public property. Thus the only payment that can be made for them is for service and reproduction. It is illegal to sell this material for profit. If the material is reproduced or quoted, the South African Qualifications Authority (SAQA) should be acknowledged as the source.