SAQA All qualifications and part qualifications registered on the National Qualifications Framework are public property. Thus the only payment that can be made for them is for service and reproduction. It is illegal to sell this material for profit. If the material is reproduced or quoted, the South African Qualifications Authority (SAQA) should be acknowledged as the source.
SOUTH AFRICAN QUALIFICATIONS AUTHORITY 
REGISTERED UNIT STANDARD THAT HAS PASSED THE END DATE: 

Apply electrical fundamentals to iplement energy saving initiatives 
SAQA US ID UNIT STANDARD TITLE
263916  Apply electrical fundamentals to iplement energy saving initiatives 
ORIGINATOR
SGB Engineering 
PRIMARY OR DELEGATED QUALITY ASSURANCE FUNCTIONARY
-  
FIELD SUBFIELD
Field 06 - Manufacturing, Engineering and Technology Engineering and Related Design 
ABET BAND UNIT STANDARD TYPE PRE-2009 NQF LEVEL NQF LEVEL CREDITS
Undefined  Regular  Level 6  Level TBA: Pre-2009 was L6  7 
REGISTRATION STATUS REGISTRATION START DATE REGISTRATION END DATE SAQA DECISION NUMBER
Passed the End Date -
Status was "Reregistered" 		 2018-07-01  2023-06-30  SAQA 06120/18 
LAST DATE FOR ENROLMENT LAST DATE FOR ACHIEVEMENT
2024-06-30   2027-06-30  

In all of the tables in this document, both the pre-2009 NQF Level and the NQF Level is shown. In the text (purpose statements, qualification rules, etc), any references to NQF Levels are to the pre-2009 levels unless specifically stated otherwise.  

This unit standard does not replace any other unit standard and is not replaced by any other unit standard. 

PURPOSE OF THE UNIT STANDARD 
This unit standard is for persons in the Engineering, Construction and Energy Sectors.

This unit standard will contribute to the full development of the learner within the engineering, construction and energy environment by providing recognition, further mobility and transportability within the field of Physical Planning and Construction. The skills, knowledge and understanding demonstrated within this unit standard are essential for social and economic transformation and upliftment within the engineering, construction and energy environment.

A person credited with this unit standard will be able to:
  • Explain the electrical fundamentals applicable to industry.
  • Explain the principles of three phase systems.
  • Analyse and correct power factor.
  • Analyse and implement demand management.
  • Determine the energy losses of electric motors.
  • Apply electric motor energy management.
  • Evaluate lighting systems and introduce energy management opportunities.
  • Implement energy saving initiatives. 
    		•

    LEARNING ASSUMED TO BE IN PLACE AND RECOGNITION OF PRIOR LEARNING 
    The following knowledge, skills attitude and/or equivalent:
  • Communication at NQF Level 5.
  • Mathematical Literacy at NQF Level 5.
  • A working knowledge of electricity. 
    		•

    UNIT STANDARD RANGE 
    N/A 

    Specific Outcomes and Assessment Criteria: 

    SPECIFIC OUTCOME 1 
    Explain the electrical fundamentals applicable to industry. 
    OUTCOME RANGE 
    Electrical fundamentals include but are not limited to:
  • Ohm's law, alternating voltage and current, r.m.s. values, power and energy and 3-phase systems. 
    		•

    ASSESSMENT CRITERIA     

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 1 
    Ohm's law is defined and simple calculations carried out in terms of its variables. 

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 2 
    Alternating voltage is explained in terms of its production, frequency and waveform. 
    ASSESSMENT CRITERION RANGE 
    Wave from refers to peak and r.m.s. values and shape.
     

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 3 
    The effect of resistance, inductance and capacitance on current is explained and calculations are carried out in terms of phase shift and value. 

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 4 
    The power triangle is explained and calculations are carried out in terms of active power, reactive power, apparent power and power factor. 

    SPECIFIC OUTCOME 2 
    Explain the principles of three phase systems. 

    ASSESSMENT CRITERIA     

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 1 
    Alternating voltage is explained and calculations are carried out in terms of its production, waveform and phase displacement. 

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 2 
    The principles of star and delta connections are explained and calculations are carried out in terms of currents and voltages. 

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 3 
    Three phase system connections are demonstrated in terms of generator, transformer and load connections. 

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 4 
    Three phase system calculations are carried out in terms of active power, reactive power, apparent power and power factor. 

    SPECIFIC OUTCOME 3 
    Analyse and correct power factor. 

    ASSESSMENT CRITERIA     

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 1 
    Power factor is analysed, and its effects described in terms of demand, regulation and cost to the consumer. 

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 2 
    Inductive loads are explained in terms of their effect on power factor. 
    ASSESSMENT CRITERION RANGE 
    Inductive loads include but are not limited to:
  • Motors, transformers and ballasts.
     
    		•

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 3 
    The use of capacitors and synchronous motors are explained in terms of their use to improve power factor. 

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 4 
    Power factor calculations are carried out to determine the ideal power factor. 
    ASSESSMENT CRITERION RANGE 
    Calculations includes but is not limited to:
  • Capacitance, apparent power, reactive power, active power, phase angle.
     
    		•

    SPECIFIC OUTCOME 4 
    Analyse and implement demand management. 

    ASSESSMENT CRITERIA     

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 1 
    Load factor is defined in terms of its variables. 

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 2 
    The load is analysed and explained in terms of its profile, peak demand and the ideal profile. 

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 3 
    Load shifting and the potential for load shifting are identified in terms of the plant demand profile curve. 

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 4 
    Load shedding and its role are explained as a demand management tool. 

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 5 
    Cost savings are calculated in terms of maximum demand management and/or reduction. 

    SPECIFIC OUTCOME 5 
    Determine the energy losses of electric motors. 

    ASSESSMENT CRITERIA     

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 1 
    Electric motors are described in terms of their operation and application. 
    ASSESSMENT CRITERION RANGE 
    Electric motors include but are not limited to:
  • Direct current motors, synchronous motors and induction motors.
     
    		•

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 2 
    Induction motor operation is explained and calculations are carried out in terms of speed, power factor and efficiency. 

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 3 
    Energy efficient motors are evaluated in terms of cost and motor loss reduction. 

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 4 
    Electric motor rewinding is evaluated in terms of the potential for the reduction of losses or damage. 

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 5 
    Electric motor operation is evaluated against quality of supply variations. 
    ASSESSMENT CRITERION RANGE 
    Quality of supply variations refers to but is not limited to:
  • Voltage and frequency.
     
    		•

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 6 
    Electric motor protection is explained in relation to its operation. 
    ASSESSMENT CRITERION RANGE 
    Protection includes but is not limited to:
  • Overload, overcurrent, unbalanced voltage, phase failure, phase reversal and undervoltage.
     
    		•

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 7 
    Electric motor nameplate data is identified and explained in terms of motor specifications and rating. 

    SPECIFIC OUTCOME 6 
    Apply electric motor energy management. 

    ASSESSMENT CRITERIA     

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 1 
    Electric motor power demand and energy consumption is calculated in terms of the supply variables. 

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 2 
    The voltage and frequency variations are identified in terms of their effect on induction motor performance. 

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 3 
    Electric motor energy management opportunities are identified and implemented to suit energy management requirements. 
    ASSESSMENT CRITERION RANGE 
    Electric motor energy management opportunities include but are not limited to:
  • Load scheduling, maintenance, power factor correction, phase balancing and energy efficient motors.
     
    		•

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 4 
    Cost savings are calculated in terms of energy management opportunities. 

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 5 
    An annual electricity data sheet is compiled to record the data collected and generated. 

    SPECIFIC OUTCOME 7 
    Evaluate lighting systems and introduce energy management opportunities. 

    ASSESSMENT CRITERIA     

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 1 
    Lighting terminology and units are described in industry accepted terms. 
    ASSESSMENT CRITERION RANGE 
    Terminology and units include but is not limited to:
  • Candela, lumen, lux lumen per mē, candela per mē, reflectance and transmitance.
     
    		•

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 2 
    Light sources are described in terms of type, efficacy, rate life hours, ballast, colour, lamp cost, lamp lumen depreciation factor, operating cost and characteristics. 
    ASSESSMENT CRITERION RANGE 
    Light sources include but is not limited to:
  • Incandescent, fluorescent, low pressure sodium, mercury vapour metal halide and high pressure sodium.
     
    		•

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 3 
    The operation of light sources is described in terms of their application, advantages and disadvantages. 

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 4 
    A lighting survey is conducted in order to identify required lighting information. 

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 5 
    Lighting energy management opportunities are identified and implemented. 
    ASSESSMENT CRITERION RANGE 
    Lighting energy management opportunities include but is not limited to:
  • Management of Lights, redundant light removal, delamping, relamping, modifications and replacement and cleaning.
     
    		•

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 6 
    Lighting energy management opportunities are quantified in terms of cost and lamps. 

    SPECIFIC OUTCOME 8 
    Implement energy saving initiatives. 

    ASSESSMENT CRITERIA     

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 1 
    Implementation of energy savings initiatives are evaluated in terms of their costs and benefits. 

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 2 
    Savings are calculated in terms of energy savings, demand savings, block size savings, thermal fuel savings and indirect fuel savings. 

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 3 
    Costs are calculated in terms of all capital expenditure to implement energy saving measures. 

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 4 
    Greenhouse gas reductions are calculated in terms of energy savings. 


    UNIT STANDARD ACCREDITATION AND MODERATION OPTIONS 
  • Anyone assessing a learner against this unit standard must be registered as an assessor with the relevant ETQA.
  • Any institution offering learning that will enable achievement of this unit standard must be accredited as a provider through the relevant ETQA.
  • Moderation of assessment will be overseen by the relevant ETQA according to the moderation guidelines in the relevant qualification and the agreed ETQA procedures. 
    		•

    UNIT STANDARD ESSENTIAL EMBEDDED KNOWLEDGE 
  • Efficient use of energy.
  • Energy efficient lights, appliances and equipment.
  • Implementation of technology for energy savings. 
    		•

    UNIT STANDARD DEVELOPMENTAL OUTCOME 
    N/A 

    UNIT STANDARD LINKAGES 
    N/A 


    Critical Cross-field Outcomes (CCFO): 

    UNIT STANDARD CCFO IDENTIFYING 
    Identify potential barriers and practical problems and solve them to enable the energy audit to be carried out. 

    UNIT STANDARD CCFO ORGANISING 
    Understand and manage the energy audit process. 

    UNIT STANDARD CCFO COMMUNICATING 
    Describe how energy management opportunities can be carried out. 

    UNIT STANDARD CCFO SCIENCE 
    Identify, design and implement technology solutions for energy efficiency. 

    UNIT STANDARD CCFO DEMONSTRATING 
    Understand the global impact of the efficient use of energy in terms emission mitigation. 

    UNIT STANDARD ASSESSOR CRITERIA 
    N/A 

    REREGISTRATION HISTORY 
    As per the SAQA Board decision/s at that time, this unit standard was Reregistered in 2012; 2015. 

    UNIT STANDARD NOTES 
    Supplementary Information:

    Specified requirements include legal and legislative specific requirements and are contained in one or more of the following documents:
  • OSH Act.
  • SANS standards and codes.
  • The South African Building Regulations.
  • IES Lighting Standards.
  • ASHRAE Standards.
  • User manuals supplied by manufacturers.
  • Specifications, agreements, policies and procedures of the relevant organisation.
  • Good Practise in South Africa. 
    		•

    QUALIFICATIONS UTILISING THIS UNIT STANDARD: 
      ID QUALIFICATION TITLE PRE-2009 NQF LEVEL NQF LEVEL STATUS END DATE PRIMARY OR DELEGATED QA FUNCTIONARY
    Elective  63209   National Certificate: Energy Regulation  Level 5  NQF Level 05  Passed the End Date -
    Status was "Reregistered"     		 2023-06-30  As per Learning Programmes recorded against this Qual 


    PROVIDERS CURRENTLY ACCREDITED TO OFFER THIS UNIT STANDARD: 
    This information shows the current accreditations (i.e. those not past their accreditation end dates), and is the most complete record available to SAQA as of today. Some Primary or Delegated Quality Assurance Functionaries have a lag in their recording systems for provider accreditation, in turn leading to a lag in notifying SAQA of all the providers that they have accredited to offer qualifications and unit standards, as well as any extensions to accreditation end dates. The relevant Primary or Delegated Quality Assurance Functionary should be notified if a record appears to be missing from here.
     
    NONE 


    All qualifications and part qualifications registered on the National Qualifications Framework are public property. Thus the only payment that can be made for them is for service and reproduction. It is illegal to sell this material for profit. If the material is reproduced or quoted, the South African Qualifications Authority (SAQA) should be acknowledged as the source.