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SOUTH AFRICAN QUALIFICATIONS AUTHORITY 
REGISTERED QUALIFICATION: 

Doctor of Philosophy in Biokinetics 
SAQA QUAL ID QUALIFICATION TITLE
120968  Doctor of Philosophy in Biokinetics 
ORIGINATOR
University of the Free State 
PRIMARY OR DELEGATED QUALITY ASSURANCE FUNCTIONARY NQF SUB-FRAMEWORK
-   HEQSF - Higher Education Qualifications Sub-framework 
QUALIFICATION TYPE FIELD SUBFIELD
Doctoral Degree  Field 09 - Health Sciences and Social Services  Rehabilitative Health/Services 
ABET BAND MINIMUM CREDITS PRE-2009 NQF LEVEL NQF LEVEL QUAL CLASS
Undefined  360  Not Applicable  NQF Level 10  Regular-Provider-ELOAC 
REGISTRATION STATUS SAQA DECISION NUMBER REGISTRATION START DATE REGISTRATION END DATE
Registered  EXCO 0917/23  2023-07-04  2026-07-04 
LAST DATE FOR ENROLMENT LAST DATE FOR ACHIEVEMENT
2027-07-04   2030-07-04  

In all of the tables in this document, both the pre-2009 NQF Level and the NQF Level is shown. In the text (purpose statements, qualification rules, etc), any references to NQF Levels are to the pre-2009 levels unless specifically stated otherwise.  

This qualification does not replace any other qualification and is not replaced by any other qualification. 

PURPOSE AND RATIONALE OF THE QUALIFICATION 
Purpose:
The purpose of the Doctor of Philosophy in Biokinetics is to develop, integrate and apply the scientific, research-based expert skills and critical knowledge required at the advanced academic levels. The application of expert and critical knowledge and skills will take place against the background of responsible ethical and professional Biokinetics research practices. The qualification will enable learners to use a wide range of expert and critical skills in identifying, conceptualising, designing, and applying methods of enquiry to address complex and challenging research problems. The qualification is further designed to develop the high-level performance and innovation scholars in the field of Biokinetics who will conduct research to make a significant original contribution to the field of study. Successful learners will be able to integrate theory with practice through the application of advanced theoretical knowledge to highly complex problems, and advanced research.

The qualification will further advance excellence in scholarship of research and public community service. It will promote innovation, distinctiveness, and leadership in the Biokinetics field in South Africa. Learners will therefore embark on relevant and pioneering research; often based on their experiences in private practice. The need for highly- skilled professionals is evident in a developing country like South Africa as their skills, knowledge and expertise are invaluable in a developing environment especially seen against the background of the National Development Plan (NDP) 2030 in which Health promotion and wellness are stipulated as "critical to the prevention and management of lifestyle diseases, the major non-communicable diseases. These diseases are likely to be a major threat over the next 20-30 years and require careful attention" (Addendum V: NDP 2030: Executive Summary). In achieving this, the qualification aims to promote Biokinetics as a science and a profession in the public interest.
On successful completion of the qualification, qualifying learners will be able to:
  • Reflect critically and apply specialised knowledge and theories in Biokinetics.
  • Deal with complex issues both systematically and creatively.
  • Make sound judgements using data and information at their disposal.
  • Communicate the conclusions clearly to specialist and non-specialist audiences.
  • Demonstrate self-direction and originality in tackling and solving problems.
  • Act autonomously in planning and implementing tasks with a theoretical underpinning and continue to advance the knowledge, understanding and skills in the Biokinetics field.
  • Design and critically appraise research.
  • Work as part of a multi-disciplinary team in accordance with good clinical practice and evidence-based research.
  • Evaluate a range of knowledge sources and apply and debate it in the required context.
  • Be ethically accountable towards the profession, clients, and the community.
  • Contribute to the current knowledge base in Biokinetics by presenting, communicating, and disseminating academic ideas effectively and in a novel way.
  • Present scientific findings to a research audience with different levels of knowledge or expertise.
  • Conduct and interpret research within the Biokinetics scope of practice that will be documented as scientific publishable articles and/or a research thesis which will make a significant original contribution to the field of study.
  • Generate work independently and take full responsibility for own work, where accountability, leadership and the initiation of processes are central concepts.

    Rationale:
    The profession of Biokinetics was established within the South African context to fill the gap that was identified between the return of functionality and optimisation of performance and movement through the application of an exercise-based intervention. Over the years the body of evidence related to the benefits of exercise has increased particularly within the areas of disease and injury prevention, management, and treatment of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) or chronic diseases and neuro-musculoskeletal conditions. South Africa has an increasing burden of NCDs and therefore, the profession of Biokinetics is crucial as part of the multi-disciplinary health team to address this burden of disease within the South African context. Biokinetics addresses both the pathogenic and photogenic paradigms of patient care.

    Biokinetics is a healthcare profession concerned with prophylactic, therapeutic, rehabilitative, and performance-enhancing exercise modalities to optimize function, movement, and sports performance across the lifespan. Biokineticists implement and supervise the scientific-based individualized physical activity and exercise programmes for apparently healthy, diseased, and injured individuals throughout the human lifespan. Biokinetics forms part of the holistic and multidisciplinary approach to delivering evidence-based preventative and rehabilitative health care. The qualification will allow the Biokinetics professionals to focus more on scientifically research-based evidence to build on the advanced scientific and theoretical knowledge and skills gained. This qualification will equip learners with expert and critical knowledge regarding Biokinetics related research evidence-based interventions to effectively meet the health needs for optimal functioning and physical well-being of the community.

    Qualified Biokineticists would be able to display management and leadership skills, knowledge, and expertise within the field of research, as well as field-related skills, knowledge, and expertise, both within the South African as well as the international context. The outcome of the research conducted will be documented as scientific publishable articles at least, and/or a research thesis which will make a significant contribution to the field of study. Learners will exit the qualification as knowledgeable, skilled graduates with competence in performing research, being able to communicate and defend substantial ideas that are the products of research to a range of audiences and interacting effectively within the professional group with different levels of knowledge or expertise, appreciate the components of scholarly writing and evaluate its quality. Graduates will contribute to the development of knowledge within the field of Biokinetics, at a high and/or expert level, as well as a broader range of competencies to ensure a significant impact on the subject field, work environment and community. The qualification will provide an opportunity for learners to pursue evidence-based research in a growing field.

    The institution solicited input from the Biokinetics Association of South Africa (BASA) and HPCSA in the development of the qualification. The qualification will be housed in the Department of Exercise and Sport Sciences within the School for Health and Rehabilitation Sciences in the Faculty of Health Sciences. 
    		•

    LEARNING ASSUMED TO BE IN PLACE AND RECOGNITION OF PRIOR LEARNING 
    Recognition of Prior Learning (RPL):
    The institution has an approved Recognition of Prior Learning (RPL) policy applicable to equivalent qualifications for admission into the qualification. RPL will be applied to accommodate applicants who qualify. RPL thus provides alternative access and admission to qualifications, as well as the advancement within qualifications.

    RPL for access:
  • Learners who do not meet the minimum entrance requirements or the required qualification that is at the same NQF level as the qualification required for admission may be considered for admission through RPL.
  • To be considered for admission in the qualification based on RPL, applicants should provide evidence in the form of a portfolio that demonstrates that they have acquired the relevant knowledge, skills, and competencies through formal, non-formal and/or informal learning to cope with the qualification expectations.

    Entry Requirements:
    The minimum entry requirements for this qualification are:
    Master of Biokinetics, NQF Level 09.
    Or
  • Master of Philosophy in Biokinetics, NQF Level 09.
    Or
  • Master of Sports Science, NQF Level 09.
    Or
  • Master's Degree in the cognate field, NQF Level 09.
    And
  • Be registered as a Biokinetics with the Health Professions Council of South Africa (HPCSA). 
    		•

    RECOGNISE PREVIOUS LEARNING? 
    Y 

    QUALIFICATION RULES 
    This qualification consists of the following compulsory modules at National Qualifications Framework Level 10 totalling 360 Credits.

    Compulsory Modules, Level 10, 360 Credits:
  • Research Thesis, 360 Credits. 
    		•

    EXIT LEVEL OUTCOMES 
    1. Demonstrate expertise and critical knowledge in an area at the forefront of the field, discipline, or practice; and the ability to conceptualise new research initiatives and create new knowledge or practice.
    2. Demonstrate the ability to contribute to scholarly debates around theories of knowledge and processes of knowledge production in an area of study or practice.
    3. Demonstrate the ability to develop new methods, techniques, processes, systems, or technologies in original, creative, and innovative ways appropriate to specialised and complex contexts.
    4. Demonstrate the ability to apply specialist knowledge and theory in critically reflexive, creative, and novel ways to address complex practical and theoretical problems.
    5. Demonstrate the ability to identify, address and manage emerging ethical issues, and to advance processes of ethical decision-making, including monitoring and evaluation of the consequences of these decisions where appropriate.
    6. Demonstrate the ability to make independent judgements about managing incomplete or inconsistent information or data in an iterative process of analysis and synthesis, for the development of significant original insights into new complex and abstract ideas, information, or issues.
    7. Demonstrate the ability to produce substantial, independent, in-depth and publishable work which meets international standards, is considered to be new or innovative by peers, and makes a significant contribution to the discipline, field, or practice; and an ability to develop a communication strategy to disseminate and defend research, strategic and policy initiatives and their implementation to specialist and non-specialist audiences using the full resources of academic and professional or occupational discourse.
    8. Demonstrate an understanding of theoretical underpinnings in the management of complex systems to achieve systemic change; and an ability to independently design, sustain and manage change within a system or systems.
    9. Demonstrate the ability to demonstrate intellectual independence, research leadership and management of research and research development in a discipline, field, or practice.
    10. Demonstrate the ability to operate independently and take full responsibility for his or her work, and where appropriate to lead, oversee and be held ultimately accountable for the overall governance of processes and systems. 

    ASSOCIATED ASSESSMENT CRITERIA 
    Associated Assessment Criteria for Exit Level Outcome 1:
  • Conceptualize and apply new ideas of understanding and knowledge in their area of expertise, namely Biokinetics.
  • Conceptualize new research initiatives and therefore create new knowledge and/or practice in Biokinetics.
  • Critically plan and execute therapeutic interventions in exercise programme prescription based on evidence-based research and/or practice.

    Associated Assessment Criteria for Exit Level Outcome 2:
  • Evaluate a range of knowledge sources and scholarly apply and debate it in the required context.

    Associated Assessment Criteria for Exit Level Outcome 3:
  • Develop research-based skills and knowledge required at the most advanced academic levels.
  • Develop, conduct, and interpret research within the Biokinetics scope of practice.

    Associated Assessment Criteria for Exit Level Outcome 4:
  • Apply specialist knowledge and theory in critically reflexive, creative, and novel ways to address complex practical and theoretical problems to deliver an original and significant contribution to the base of knowledge within the field of Biokinetics.

    Associated Assessment Criteria for Exit Level Outcome 5:
  • Be ethically accountable towards the profession, clients, and the community.
  • Function as part of a multi-disciplinary team in accordance with good clinical practice and evidence-based research.

    Associated Assessment Criteria for Exit Level Outcome 6:
  • Apply the advanced and/or critical theoretical knowledge, adhering to evidence-based practices and self-growth to serve as a professional supervisor to Learners/colleagues working in the field of Biokinetics.
  • Apply evidence-based research and/or practice as a base for clinical reasoning.
  • Critically reflect on and apply scientific and/or expert skills and knowledge regarding research.
  • Conduct research that will be documented as scientific inter-related publishable articles and/or a research thesis which will make a significant original contribution to the field of study.

    Associated Assessment Criteria for Exit Level Outcome 7:
  • Contribute to the current knowledge base in their area of expertise by presenting, communicating, and disseminating academic ideas effectively nationally and internationally.
  • Produce substantial, independent, in-depth, and publishable research in the form of published or publishable scientific peer-reviewed articles in national and/or international accredited journals, which meet international standards considered to be new and/or innovative by peers and make a significant original contribution to the base of knowledge in the Biokinetics discipline and/or field and/or practice.

    Associated Assessment Criteria for Exit Level Outcome 8:
  • Apply and integrate a researched-based, scientific and specialized and/or expert level of knowledge and skills within the field of research.
  • Use a wide range of specialized and/or expert skills in identifying, conceptualising, designing, and applying methods of enquiry to address complex and challenging research problems within the field of Biokinetics.

    Associated Assessment Criteria for Exit Level Outcome 9:
  • Apply high-level critical knowledge, scientifically founded and research-based reasoning as well as high-level communication and management and expert skills against the background of ethical and professional business practices.

    Associated Assessment Criteria for Exit Level Outcome 10:
  • Work or generate work independently and take full responsibility for own work, where accountability, leadership and the initiation of processes are central concepts.

    INTEGRATED ASSESSMENT
    Assessment of theses/thesis and articles happens according to Faculty procedures, where internal and external examiners are formally approved and appointed by the Faculty Executive Committee as well as the Faculty Board. Clear timeframes and guidelines exist for examiners, to ensure that both learner and examiner know the dates the thesis/thesis should be submitted by the learner and when the examiner is expected to submit their report to ensure an adequate amount of time for the learner to finalize their theses or thesis in time for graduation. Assessors are expected to study the thesis/thesis within the context and fundamental principles of the discipline and submit a report in this regard.

    Formative Assessment:

    Successful presentation of research progress at regular intervals is required. It is also expected from learners to engage in regular formal discussions with the promoter(s).

    Summative Assessment:

    Summative assessment entails writing a thesis. It contains a justifiable argument that is based on research and counts 100% of the achievement mark. The title of the thesis will be submitted to the Faculty Board only on the recommendation of the Faculty Management.
    On completion of the thesis and the recommendation of the supervisor(s), the thesis will be examined by two external assessors and one internal assessor.
    All Doctoral degree theses are externally examined, ensuring quality, and providing a level of national and/or international benchmarking. The production of a high-quality Master-level conventional research thesis or a research thesis containing two interrelated published article/s or publishable manuscripts in which the learner must demonstrate that, under supervision, learners can conduct scientifically sound, theoretically grounded, ethical research on a Specialisation in Biokinetics, and is able to communicate research findings in an academically appropriate manner. 
    		•

    INTERNATIONAL COMPARABILITY 
    The South African qualification has been compared with the following qualifications from two countries.

    Country: Canada
    Institution: Western University
    Qualification Title: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) in Health and Rehabilitation Sciences
    Duration: Four-year full time

    Entry Requirements:
  • Master's degree from an accredited university and evidence of research potential.
  • Achieved at least a 75% average in the master's degree.

    Purpose:
    The qualification combines disciplinary foundations with multidisciplinary breadth, providing learners with an opportunity to explore issues related to health and wellness. Learners work closely with world-class researchers from across the Faculty of Health Sciences' six schools, leveraging their expertise to think strategically about health-related issues facing people around the world. The qualification's flexible nature allows learners to engage in research and course-based learning that will help them achieve personalized academic goals.

    The qualification involves research that will contribute to the theoretical and practical knowledge of health and rehabilitation disciplines along with contributions to new, emerging aspects of health and rehabilitation that cross disciplinary boundaries. The interdisciplinary nature of the qualification allows learners to tailor their studies to specific interests. The depth and breadth of the nine fields of study allow learners an opportunity to contribute new, unique, and innovative knowledge in the fields of study.

    The qualification will assist graduates to pursue careers as Clinical Research Associates, Environmental Scientists, Intelligence Research Specialists, Biomechanist Research Assistants and Lecturers.

    Upon the completion of the qualification, qualifying learners will be able to:
  • Critically apply theories, methodologies, and knowledge to address fundamental questions in their primary area of study.
  • Pursue research of significance in the discipline or an interdisciplinary or creative project. Learners will plan and conduct this research or implement this project under the guidance of an advisor while developing the intellectual independence that typifies true scholarship.
  • Demonstrate skills in oral and written communication sufficient to publish and present work in their field and to prepare grant proposals.
  • Follow the principles of ethics in their field and in academia.
  • Demonstrate, through service, the value of their discipline to the academy and community at large.
  • Demonstrate mastery of skills and knowledge at a level required in their discipline and assessment of student learning.
  • Interact productively with people from diverse backgrounds as both leaders/mentors and team members with integrity and professionalism.
  • Disseminate research findings through publications.
  • Examine and synthesize the theoretical and philosophical underpinnings of aspects related to communication sciences and disorders with current literature.
  • Design, analyze, and report findings from independent research using a variety of methods relevant to the field of study.

    Similarities:
  • The Western University (WU) and the South African (SA) qualifications require applicants who hold a Master's degree.
  • Both qualifications share a similar purpose and exit-level outcomes.
  • Both qualifications culminate in the research thesis.

    Difference:
    The WU qualification takes four years of full-time study whereas the SA qualification is offered over three years of full-time study.

    Country: United States of America
    Institution: Loma Linda University
    Qualification Title: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) in Physical Therapy
    Duration: Four years full-time
    Entry requirements:
  • Master of Physical Therapy degree.
    Or
  • Doctor of Physical Therapy degree from an accredited program, or equivalency.

    Purpose:
    The purpose of the qualification is to prepare leaders in the profession of physical therapy who can conduct research that will improve the lives of people through whole-person care, serve as client/patient advocates, and serve as educators in entry-level and graduate physical therapy programs. The research-oriented qualification for physical therapists emphasizes pain and movement sciences as well as lifestyle health and wellness, preparing graduates for research, teaching, and administration.

    The qualification is designed for working professionals and Physical Therapists who are currently treating or teaching and will benefit from a modern, evidence-based curriculum aimed at caring for the whole person. This qualification provides physical therapy graduates with the skills and experience that are necessary to pursue careers as researchers and educators.

    Exit Level Outcomes:
    On the completion of the qualification, successful learners will be able to:
  • Design and conduct novel, original research; provide evidence of an understanding of research design, and the ability to formulate and develop methodologies; collect and reduce data; interpret results; draw defensible conclusions; and effectively disseminate research findings.
  • Add to the body of knowledge in physical therapy research literature through publications and presentations.
  • Conduct research in neurology, orthopaedics, pain science, movement science, or lifestyle health and wellness.
  • Display qualities of lifelong learning and commitment to scholarship.
  • Demonstrate a commitment to providing whole-person care.
  • Serve as an educator in entry-level, post-professional, and graduate-level physical therapy programs.
  • Apply personal and group leadership skills at institutional, professional, national, and global levels.
  • Disseminate knowledge through publications and presentations.
  • Develop treatment plans that follow current evidence-based and best practice guidelines.

    Qualification structure:
    The qualification consists of the following compulsory guided research elements:

    SECTION A: Didactic Portion of Program (Years One and Two):
  • Element 1. Didactic Curriculum I.
  • Element 2. Matching of Student with Dissertation Chair.
  • Element 3. Didactic Curriculum II.
  • Element 4. Selection of Dissertation Chair and Research Guidance Committee.
  • Element 5. Written Comprehensive Examination.
  • Element 6. Annual Student Review Meeting.

    SECTION B: Research Proposal
  • Element 7. Research Proposal (Register for Research & Statistics III).
  • Element 8. Development of Research Topic, Questions, and Budget.
  • Element 9. Oral Proposal of Research Topic, Questions, and Budget.
  • Element 10. Confirmation of Research Guidance Committee.
  • Element 11. Form A. - Admission to Candidacy.
  • Element 12. Further Development of the Research Project (Register for Research & Statistics IV).
  • Element 13. Submission and IRB Approval of Research Project.
  • Element 14. Quarterly meetings with Research Guidance Committee.

    SECTION C: Data Collection
  • Element 15. Data Collection (Register for Research & Statistics V).
  • Element 16. Graduation Petition and Academic Variances Submission and Deadlines.

    SECTION D: Data Reduction/Analysis
  • Element 17. Data Analysis (Register for Research & Statistics VI).

    SECTION E: Defense and Dissertation
  • Element 18. Defense of Dissertation.
  • Element 19. Preliminary Dissertation (Register for Research & Statistics VII).
  • Element 20. Continuing Registration.
  • Element 21. Dissertation.
  • Element 22. Dissertation Submission.
  • Element 23. Submission of Publishable Paper.
  • Element 24. Exit Interview with Program Director.
  • Element 25. Statement of Completion of Requirements for Degree.
  • Element 26. Requirements for Participation in Commencement Ceremony versus Requirements
    for Program Completion.

    Assessment:
    Formative Assessment:
    The candidate's capacity for an original, independent investigation and scholarly achievements must be demonstrated by the presentation and oral defence of an acceptable dissertation to participate in the commencement ceremony.

    The learner may apply for advancement to candidacy after passing the comprehensive examination, securing support from their research guidance committee, and successfully defending their research topic and questions.

    Summative Assessment:
    The candidate must submit a written dissertation to the Faculty of Graduate Studies. The candidate must also submit a minimum of two papers for publication. One paper must be accepted for publication to fulfill program completion requirements.

    Similarities:
  • The Loma Linda University (LLU) and the South African (SA) qualifications require candidates who completed the minimum of the Master's degree in the cognate field.
  • Both qualifications equip learners with skills to conduct novel, original research; provide evidence of an understanding of research design, and the ability to formulate and develop methodologies; collect and reduce data; interpret results; draw defensible conclusions; and effectively disseminate research findings.
  • Both qualifications are assessed through formative and summative assessment methods.

    Differences:
  • The LLU qualification takes four years of full-time study while the SA qualification is offered over three years of full-time study.
  • In addition to a Master's degree, the LLU requires applicants who completed Doctoral studies.

    Country: Portugal
    Institution: University of Porto
    Qualification Title: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) in Bioethics
    Program Duration: Three years (6 semesters)
    Credits: 180 European Credit Transfer and Accumulation System (ECTS)
    Entry Requirements:
  • Master of Bioethics.
    Or
    Master's Degree in the cognate field.

    Purpose:
    The qualification aims to provide advanced education and training in the field of Bioethics by promoting excellence through research beyond the limits of scientific knowledge. The qualification will enable the graduates to work in the medicine and nursing fields, as well as in other health fields, including teaching at different education levels.
    Qualification structure:
    The qualification comprises a curricular component, which is achieved by successfully completing the following compulsory modules.
  • General Bioethics; Philosophy and Bioethics.
  • Professional Ethics; Ethics at the Beginning of Life.
  • Ethics at the End of Life and in Palliative Care.
  • Ethics in Healthcare Priorities; Environment, Biodiversity and Biopolitics.
  • Biolaw.
  • Seminars; and Individual Projects.
  • A research component for the elaboration of an original thesis.

    Similarities:
  • The University of Porto (UP) and the South African (SA) qualifications take three years of full-time study.
  • Both qualifications require learners who hold a Masters in the field of Biokinetics or equivalent.
  • Both the UP and SA qualifications share the same purpose of equipping learners with research skills to conduct research in the Biokinetics field and contribute to the development of new knowledge in the field.
  • Both qualifications culminate in the production of the research thesis.

    Difference:
  • The UP qualification consists of compulsory modules while the SA qualification has no coursework but is pure research. 
    		•

    ARTICULATION OPTIONS 
    This qualification allows possibilities for horizontal articulation.

    Horizontal Articulation:
  • Doctor of Philosophy in Health Professions Education, NQF Level 10.
  • Doctor of Philosophy in Sport and Exercise Science, NQF Level 10.
  • Doctor of Philosophy in Sports Science, NQF Level 10.
  • Doctor of Philosophy in Sport Management, NQF Level 10. 
    		•

    MODERATION OPTIONS 
    N/A 

    CRITERIA FOR THE REGISTRATION OF ASSESSORS 
    N/A 

    NOTES 
    N/A 

    LEARNING PROGRAMMES RECORDED AGAINST THIS QUALIFICATION: 
     
    NONE 


    PROVIDERS CURRENTLY ACCREDITED TO OFFER THIS QUALIFICATION: 
    This information shows the current accreditations (i.e. those not past their accreditation end dates), and is the most complete record available to SAQA as of today. Some Primary or Delegated Quality Assurance Functionaries have a lag in their recording systems for provider accreditation, in turn leading to a lag in notifying SAQA of all the providers that they have accredited to offer qualifications and unit standards, as well as any extensions to accreditation end dates. The relevant Primary or Delegated Quality Assurance Functionary should be notified if a record appears to be missing from here.
     
    NONE 


    All qualifications and part qualifications registered on the National Qualifications Framework are public property. Thus the only payment that can be made for them is for service and reproduction. It is illegal to sell this material for profit. If the material is reproduced or quoted, the South African Qualifications Authority (SAQA) should be acknowledged as the source.