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SOUTH AFRICAN QUALIFICATIONS AUTHORITY 
REGISTERED QUALIFICATION: 

Doctor of Philosophy in Science 
SAQA QUAL ID QUALIFICATION TITLE
125757  Doctor of Philosophy in Science 
ORIGINATOR
Sol Plaatje University 
PRIMARY OR DELEGATED QUALITY ASSURANCE FUNCTIONARY NQF SUB-FRAMEWORK
CHE - Council on Higher Education  HEQSF - Higher Education Qualifications Sub-framework 
QUALIFICATION TYPE FIELD SUBFIELD
Doctoral Degree  Field 10 - Physical, Mathematical, Computer and Life Sciences  Life Sciences 
ABET BAND MINIMUM CREDITS PRE-2009 NQF LEVEL NQF LEVEL QUAL CLASS
Undefined  360  Not Applicable  NQF Level 10  Regular-Provider-ELOAC 
REGISTRATION STATUS SAQA DECISION NUMBER REGISTRATION START DATE REGISTRATION END DATE
Registered  EXCO 0639/26  2026-04-16  2029-04-16 
LAST DATE FOR ENROLMENT LAST DATE FOR ACHIEVEMENT
2030-04-16   2033-04-16  

In all of the tables in this document, both the pre-2009 NQF Level and the NQF Level is shown. In the text (purpose statements, qualification rules, etc), any references to NQF Levels are to the pre-2009 levels unless specifically stated otherwise.  

This qualification does not replace any other qualification and is not replaced by any other qualification. 

PURPOSE AND RATIONALE OF THE QUALIFICATION 
Purpose:
The purpose of a Doctor of Philosophy in Science is to produce highly qualified researchers and scholars who can contribute to the advancement of knowledge and innovation in their respective fields. The natural sciences cover a broad range of disciplines, including biology, chemistry, physics, and earth sciences. The mathematical and computational sciences encompass pure and applied mathematics, statistics, computer science, informatics, and data science.

A Doctor of Philosophy in any of the fields listed above involves an in-depth investigation of a research topic that makes a significant and original contribution to the field and aims to develop expertise in a specific area of natural, mathematical or computational sciences. Learners undertake original research in a specific area under the supervision of one or more experienced academics. Through this research, they develop deep expertise in the chosen area of study. Learners will be equipped with advanced scientific knowledge. Research in one of these fields is designed to make an original contribution to scientific knowledge in the specific field, advancing the understanding and providing new insights and discoveries.

The qualification provides an opportunity for learners to develop and refine advanced skills, such as formulating research questions or models, designing and conducting experiments or generating proofs, developing computational techniques and algorithms, analysing data, and interpreting and communicating results. The research can be theoretical, experimental, or computational. Learners can contribute to the development of South Africa by producing new knowledge and solutions to the country's scientific and technological challenges. This qualification is a highly respected qualification that can lead to a range of career opportunities, including research and development roles in industry, academic positions, and leadership roles in government or non-profit organisations.

Learners can build relationships with other researchers and academics, both within South Africa and internationally. This can lead to collaborations, joint research projects, and ongoing professional relationships that can have a significant impact.

Overall, the purpose of the Doctor of Philosophy in natural, mathematical and computational is to produce highly skilled and knowledgeable researchers who can make significant contributions to the advancement of knowledge and innovation in their chosen fields of study, while also preparing for a career in academia or industry.

Rationale:
The institution and the Faculty of Natural and Applied Sciences are mainly dedicated to pursuing academic excellence in every aspect of scientific advancement and being responsive to society's problems, transformation, and development. This qualification is multi-disciplinary, specialising in developing new knowledge and professional practice related to natural and applied sciences in both the academic and professional sectors. The qualification contributes towards addressing the primary occupational shortages and skills gaps across the Education, Training and Development (ETD) sector and other professional sectors. The Scientific/Academic writing skills acquired through the Doctor of Philosophy qualification provide a great stride towards addressing the skills gaps, design thinking, innovation, social transformation, and development in all the major occupational group levels within the sector.

The qualification is for candidates who have achieved a master's degree in science or a similar discipline and wish to progress to research at an advanced level. The main objective of this qualification is to develop essential, advanced knowledge and skills to conduct cutting-edge research. This will greatly contribute to national development and help to meet continental and intercontinental strategic goals that will provide solutions to real-life complex problems and positively transform human society. The qualification will create opportunities for graduates to become professional researchers in academia and providers of innovative solutions to the public and private sectors' problems in line with the South African Research Infrastructure Roadmap (SARIR), the Square Kilometre Array (SKA), etc.

The institution, as the single university in in the Northern Cape, is uniquely positioned to engage with the difficult questions of discipline intersections in its teaching, research, and community engagement activities, as well as conduct research in arid and semiarid environments. The arid landscape provides an excellent setting for studying the environmental effects of climate change. This Doctor of Philosophy is likely to attract learners and collaboration from local and international universities and organisations. It is also critical for the institution to begin generating and curating knowledge that contributes to the betterment of the country and beyond. At the forefront of the advancement of technology and its applications in solving industrial and socio-economic problems are highly skilled Doctor of Philosophy graduates. However, Doctor of Philosophy graduates in science are scarce and in high demand.

The qualification will therefore provide an opportunity for Master of Science learners to be trained to join or lead innovative research to improve or produce new analytical techniques to model, analyse complex real-life problems. As the world's largest radio telescope, the SKA delivers data at the forefront of astronomical research. Given that a portion of the Square Kilometre Array (SKA) is in the Northern Cape, the qualification will allow learners to forge links with SKA by appointing top-drawer researchers belonging to the SKA collaborations. Such appointments would not only enrich the institution's science programme but also significantly raise its visibility both nationally and internationally. Learners and faculty alike would have the opportunity to participate in cutting-edge science for many decades to come.

Learners for this qualification must demonstrate high-level research capability, innovation, creativity, freedom of thought and expression, and excellence. The qualification has been identified as one of the critical scarce skills in South Africa, and human capacity development in science faces significant challenges. As a result, by offering the qualification, the institution will train competent, highly skilled, and specialized graduates who will be able to design high-quality research using modern scientific approaches to answer research questions, apply knowledge and critical thinking skills to demonstrate problem solving abilities, and apply the knowledge and skills acquired to conduct high-quality research and translate this knowledge to address societal, environmental, and climate change challenges. The qualification aligns with the institution's vision, which is to position the university as an institution of higher learning that generates new knowledge that has an impact on key regional challenges. 

LEARNING ASSUMED TO BE IN PLACE AND RECOGNITION OF PRIOR LEARNING 
Recognition of Prior Learning (RPL):
expected to have prior learning and competencies that provide a foundation for doctoral-level research. This includes.

Recognition of Prior Learning (RPL): RPL allows candidates to have their previous formal, informal, or non-formal learning assessed for entry into the qualification or for exemption from certain requirements. This provides an alternative access route into the qualification for learners who do not meet formal entry requirements, based on evidence of research experience, professional expertise, or prior scholarly outputs (e.g., publications, technical reports, patents).

Learners with substantial research experience, professional expertise, or prior scholarly outputs, even if their prior qualifications are not fully aligned with the specific discipline, may apply for RPL into the qualification.
Evidence for RPL can include published papers, technical reports, patents, professional achievements, or prior research projects demonstrating the candidate's capacity for independent and original research.

RPL for credits:
RPL for credit is not applicable for the proposed PhD qualification, as all 360 credits are allocated to the research thesis.

The assessment of RPL candidates will be based on explicit assessment criteria, ensuring a fair and transparent process.

Entry Requirements:
The minimum entry requirement for this qualification is:
  • A relevant master's degree with demonstrated research experience and knowledge in the chosen discipline. 
    		•

    RECOGNISE PREVIOUS LEARNING? 
    Y 

    QUALIFICATION RULES 
    This qualification consists of the following compulsory modules at National Qualifications Framework Level 10, totalling 360 credits.

    Compulsory Modules, NQF Level 10, 360 credits.
  • PHD Thesis, 360 Credits.
    Or
  • PHD by Publication, 360 Credits. 
    		•

    EXIT LEVEL OUTCOMES 
    1. Conduct research independently using advanced research methodologies and techniques in research.
    2. Demonstrate knowledge of the pertinent topics/themes in the chosen field/s.
    3. Report research findings in a coherent and scholarly manner. 

    ASSOCIATED ASSESSMENT CRITERIA 
    The Associated Assessment Criteria will be assessed in an integrated manner across the Exit Level Outcomes.
    1. Make a novel contribution to knowledge or understanding in its field.
    2. Recognise and meet international standards.
    3. Demonstrate knowledge of the literature relevant to the subject and the field/s to which the subject belongs, and the ability to exercise critical and analytical judgment of that literature.
    4. Ensure the format is satisfactory in its methodology, in the quality and coherence of its written expression, and in its scholarly presentation.

    INTEGRATED ASSESSMENT
    The qualification employs an integrated assessment strategy to ensure that all Exit Level Outcomes are fully achieved, regardless of the chosen route. Assessment is holistic, combining the evaluation of the candidate's written work, research outputs, and oral defence.

    For the Doctor of Philosophy by Thesis, integration is achieved through an assessment of the complete thesis, which demonstrates conceptual depth, methodological rigour, critical analysis, originality, ethical practice, and scholarly communication. The assessment considers how the candidate synthesises knowledge, applies advanced research methodologies, formulates and addresses complex research questions, and contributes to new knowledge. It also takes into account the candidate's ability to engage with interdisciplinary perspectives, reflect on the broader implications of their research, and communicate findings effectively through written and oral formats, including the viva voce examination.

    For the Doctor of Philosophy by Publication, integration is achieved by evaluating the set of published articles together with the integrative introductory and concluding chapters, ensuring the publications collectively satisfy the ELOs and demonstrate a coherent and substantial contribution to knowledge. The assessment considers the originality, significance, and methodological rigour of each article, as well as the candidate's ability to link the publications into a unified scholarly narrative. Integrated assessment also evaluates critical thinking, problem-solving, ethical conduct, and effective communication, with the viva voce serving to confirm the candidate's comprehensive understanding of the research and the cumulative contribution of their work to the field.

    In both cases, integration includes consideration of cross-cutting elements such as critical thinking, problem-solving, methodological mastery, interdisciplinary engagement, and broader societal impact.

    Formative Assessment:
    Formative assessment supports learners in developing the knowledge, skills, and competencies required for successful completion of the qualification. It is ongoing and occurs throughout the research process, providing structured opportunities for guidance, feedback, and skill development to ensure alignment with all exit-level outcomes.

    Supervisory feedback: Regular engagement with supervisors guides all aspects of the research process, including research design, methodology selection, literature review, data analysis, and interpretation of results. Supervisors offer constructive feedback on conceptual clarity, methodological rigour, and scholarly argumentation, enabling candidates to refine their work progressively.

    Draft submissions:
    Learners submit draft chapters (for PhD by Thesis) or manuscript drafts (for PhD by Publication) for review and feedback. These drafts are assessed against the ELOs to ensure originality, coherence, methodological soundness, and critical engagement with the literature. Iterative feedback allows candidates to strengthen their research design, argumentation, and presentation before final submission.

    Seminars and colloquia:
    Presentation of research progress at internal workshops, departmental seminars, or postgraduate colloquia provides an opportunity for peer and faculty feedback. These sessions encourage discussion, challenge assumptions, and promote critical reflection, supporting the candidate in identifying gaps, improving communication, and integrating diverse perspectives into the research.

    Skills development:
    Targeted training programs complement supervision and draft feedback. These may include workshops or courses on academic writing, research ethics, advanced data analysis, publication standards, presentation skills, and strategies for effective dissemination of research findings. Such development ensures that candidates acquire both the technical and professional competencies necessary for doctoral-level research.

    Research integration and reflection:
    Formative assessment encourages candidates to integrate knowledge, methodological expertise, and critical thinking throughout the research journey. Reflection on feedback, iterative improvements, and engagement with emerging research trends ensure that the candidate is prepared to meet the comprehensive requirements of the PhD.

    Summative Assessment:
    Summative assessment evaluates the candidate's final performance to determine whether all PhD requirements and ELOs have been met. It provides a formal, comprehensive evaluation of the candidate's scholarly contribution, research competence, and ability to communicate and defend their work:
  • Written submission:

    PhD by Thesis: Assessment of the final thesis is conducted by at least three examiners (one internal, one local external, and one international external) who are recognised experts in the candidate's field. Examiners evaluate the thesis against international standards of scholarship, assessing originality, methodological rigour, critical analysis, conceptual depth, and the contribution of the work to knowledge in the discipline. The thesis is reviewed to ensure it demonstrates coherence, independence, and mastery of research methodologies, and that it adequately addresses all exit-level outcomes.

    PhD by Publication: Assessment of the set of published articles and integrative chapters is conducted by at least three (one internal, one local external, and one international external). The evaluation considers the originality, significance, scholarly quality, and methodological rigour of each publication, as well as how the articles collectively form a coherent and substantial contribution to the discipline. Examiners also assess the integrative chapters for their ability to contextualise and synthesise the research, ensuring that the full body of work meets the ELOs.

    Oral defence (viva voce): All candidates are required to undergo a comprehensive oral defence, which assesses the candidate's understanding of the research, the theoretical and methodological frameworks employed, and the originality and significance of the findings. For the PhD by Publication route, the viva also evaluates the candidate's personal contribution to the publications and the integration of the articles into a unified scholarly work. The viva provides an additional layer of academic rigour, ensuring that the candidate can articulate, justify, and critically discuss their research.

    Final approval: Examiners' reports, along with the outcome of the oral defence, are considered by the Faculty Postgraduate Committee and the Senate Higher Degrees Committee. These bodies ensure that the PhD award reflects the highest standards of academic rigour, integrity, and scholarly contribution, and that the candidate has successfully met all exit-level outcomes. Recommendations for minor corrections, revisions, or resubmission are managed according to institutional policy to maintain fairness and transparency. 
    		•

    INTERNATIONAL COMPARABILITY 
    This qualification aims to offer a rigorous and challenging doctoral qualification in the sciences, with a strong emphasis on engagement with local communities and industry partners, while remaining on par with doctoral qualifications internationally. Examples of internationally recognised qualifications are outlined below to illustrate that the defining features of this qualification, such as independent research, close academic supervision, engagement in scholarly communities, and the production of a substantial and original thesis are fully consistent with global norms. These comparisons underscore the commitment to ensuring that its doctoral graduates are equipped to participate confidently in the international research community, while also contributing to local development priorities. In addition, this qualification is designed to address both fundamental and applied dimensions of the sciences, ensuring that research outcomes advance academic knowledge while also offering practical solutions to societal, technological, and industry-related challenges.

    University of Edinburgh (UK):
    The Doctor of Philosophy qualification in the sciences at the University of Edinburgh is a research-intensive qualification that aims to produce highly skilled and knowledgeable researchers in a range of scientific disciplines. The qualification typically lasts for three to four years and is structured around independent research, with close supervision and guidance from experienced academics. Students undertake a research project in their chosen area of study, working to produce an original and significant contribution to the field. In addition to the research project, students also undertake a range of other activities as part of their doctoral programme, which may include attending seminars and lectures, participating in group discussions and presentations, and taking advanced courses and training in research skills. Assessment in the doctoral qualification in the sciences typically takes the form of a thesis or dissertation, which is examined by a panel of experts in the relevant field. In addition to the thesis, students may also be required to complete oral examinations and other assessments.

    Victoria University (Australia):
    Victoria University in Melbourne offers Doctor of Philosophy qualifications across multiple scientific disciplines, typically requiring a master's degree or equivalent for entry. The qualifications are research-focused, with students undertaking independent investigations under the guidance of a faculty advisor. Over a period of three to four years, candidates are expected to produce a thesis of original research, supported by coursework and seminar participation to develop theoretical understanding and research competencies. The integrated approach ensures that students gain both practical research experience and advanced theoretical knowledge.

    Carnegie Mellon University - Africa (Rwanda):
    Carnegie Mellon University Africa (CMU-Africa) offers Doctor of Philosophy qualifications in various fields of science which are research-based and designed to prepare students for academic and research positions in industry or academia. The doctoral qualification typically requires a master's degree or equivalent qualification, although in some cases, students with a bachelor's degree may be admitted directly to the qualification. The qualifications typically take three to four years to complete and involve independent research under the guidance of a faculty advisor. Students are required to attend seminars and undertake independent research, with a focus on developing advanced theoretical and research skills. The research component of the qualification is a major emphasis, and students are expected to produce original research that contributes to the field. Throughout the qualification, students are also expected to engage in teaching and mentoring activities, as well as participate in conferences and other professional development opportunities. The qualification at CMU-Africa is also designed to promote engagement with the local African community and industry stakeholders.

    Conclusion (Comparison):
    The Doctor of Philosophy is similar to the Doctor of Philosophy qualifications offered by the above countries in terms of the following:
  • A minimum of a master's qualification as an entry requirement.
  • Engagement with the local community.
  • The acceptance of learners with master's from different specialities, depending on what the learners want to research on at the Doctor of Philosophy qualification.
  • Duration of study.

    The difference is that the South African offering does not have any coursework and requires a full research thesis or publications. 
    		•

    ARTICULATION OPTIONS 
    Horizontal Articulation:
  • Doctor of Philosophy, NQF Level 10.
  • There are not horizontal articulation options to qualifications on the Occupational Qualifications Sub-Framework (OQSF) as qualifications in the occupational space are only to NQF level 8.

    Vertical Articulation:
  • Postdoctoral Studies.

    Diagonal Articulation:
  • There are no diagonal articulation options to qualifications on the Occupational Qualifications Sub-Framework (OQSF) as qualifications in the occupational space are only to NQF level 8. 
    		•

    MODERATION OPTIONS 
    N/A. 

    CRITERIA FOR THE REGISTRATION OF ASSESSORS 
    N/A. 

    NOTES 
    N/A. 

    LEARNING PROGRAMMES RECORDED AGAINST THIS QUALIFICATION: 
     
    NONE 


    PROVIDERS CURRENTLY ACCREDITED TO OFFER THIS QUALIFICATION: 
    This information shows the current accreditations (i.e. those not past their accreditation end dates), and is the most complete record available to SAQA as of today. Some Primary or Delegated Quality Assurance Functionaries have a lag in their recording systems for provider accreditation, in turn leading to a lag in notifying SAQA of all the providers that they have accredited to offer qualifications and unit standards, as well as any extensions to accreditation end dates. The relevant Primary or Delegated Quality Assurance Functionary should be notified if a record appears to be missing from here.
     
    1. Sol Plaatje University 


    All qualifications and part qualifications registered on the National Qualifications Framework are public property. Thus the only payment that can be made for them is for service and reproduction. It is illegal to sell this material for profit. If the material is reproduced or quoted, the South African Qualifications Authority (SAQA) should be acknowledged as the source.