1. Identify and solve problems in which responses display that responsible decisions using critical and creative thinking have been made
2. Work effectively with others as a member of a team, group, organisation and community
3. Organise and manage oneself and one's activities responsibly and effectively
4. Collect, analyse, organise and critically evaluate information
5. Demonstrate an understanding of the world as a set of related systems by recognising that the problem solving context does not exist in isolation
6. Reflect on and explore a variety of strategies to learn more effectively
7. Explore business and career opportunities
8. Develop entrepreneurial opportunities
9. Look at the environment on a macro basis rather than a macro basis in order to enhance the current environment
10. Communicate effectively using visual, mathematical and language skills in the modes of oral and or written persuasion
11. Demonstrate an understanding of the economic world in context as a dynamic interactive world that does not exist in isolation
12. Demonstrate effective and responsible decision making
13. Stimulate and develop thinking patterns involving creativity
14. Interpret information received via the media and other sources
15. Remain receptive and responsive to current trends and developments
16. Use technology effectively and responsibly
17. Conduct research independently
EXPORT AND IMPORT MANAGEMENT
Demonstrate the ability to:
Describe the importance of international trade and the impact on foreign trade on the economy.
Identify the major environmental influences on international trade
Apply the international trade process and sequence to a working example
Identify market opportunities in foreign countries and select a market
Describe the trade relationships that exist and benefit the export/importer derives from the use of agents
Apply pricing considerations to quote accurate prices on your products
Identify factors that impact the import of products
Use incoterms in your daily business transactions
Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of using incorrect incoterms
Use and maintain the correct documentation for importation and exportation
Demonstrate understanding of the three forms of contracts, namely contract of sale, contract of importation and contract of insurance and the terms of each contract in international trade
Explain the need for shipment (marine) insurance
Identify the various methods of payment and analyse the advantages and disadvantages of each method of payment
Demonstrate understanding of the various container sizes and the various packaging requirements when exporting goods
SMALL BUSINESS MANAGEMENT
Demonstrate the ability to:
Explain the term 'entrepreneur'
List the similarities and differences between entrepreneurship, a small business enterprise and small business management
Know which key factors contribute to successful entrepreneurship
Give a critical evaluation of your personal skills, expertise and aptitude, your personal attributes, management skills and your ability to deal with external factors
Name the production factors and apply them in practice
Indicate the relationship between the enterprise and the establishment and illustrate it by means of a diagram
Practically explain the classification of enterprises and establishment in sectors
Distinguish between the informal and formal enterprise
Broadly discuss the forms of enterprise that are suitable for small business enterprises
Identify the controllable variables in the micro environment
Identify the controllable variables in the market environment
Distinguish the various markets
Distinguish between direct and indirect competitors
Identify the uncontrollable variables in the macro environment
Identify the stages of setting up a small business
Make the most of your creativity
Use your skills, expertise and aptitude to create your own small business ideas
Convert common needs into business ideas
Convert existing problems into small business ideas
Identify small business ideas
Develop and define your idea
Distinguish between non-feasible and feasible ideas.
List the advantages and disadvantages of buying an existing business
Work out how profitable the existing business is.
Describe the relationship between a franchisor and a franchise.
List the advantages and disadvantages of buying an existing business
Understand why the need for a product must be determined
Do your own needs analysis (market research)
Draw up the mission and objectives for an enterprise
Calculate an enterprise's expected market share
Distinguish the various classification of costs.
Calculate the total cost per unit of a product.
Calculate the selling price of a product, the net profit and the break-even point.
Know where to go for financial help.
Know the difference between the four forms of ownership and the advantages and disadvantages of the sole proprietorship, partnership and close corporation.
Know why a business plan is drawn up.
Be able to indicate who the best persons are to draw up a business plan
Be able to describe your business under the following headings: primary activity of the enterprise, history of the enterprise, position of the enterprise in the market, manufacturing plan and staff.
Be able to give a clear explanation of the strategies and goals that you wish to present in your business plan.
Be able to identify the risks.
Be able to explain what corrective measures you can use to reduce or eliminate the risks.
Explain what the law requires you to do regarding establishing your business.
Describe the procedures you should follow to establish a specific form of business.
List the operating elements of the business functions essential in the setting up phase.
Know where to go for financial help and advice
SMALL BUSINESS MARKETING
Demonstrate the ability to:
Define what marketing means.
Explain the role of marketing in satisfying customer needs.
Summarise marketing strategies with respect to; the role of product as an instrument in marketing, the role of price as an instrument in marketing, the role of promotion as an instrument in marketing, and the role of distribution as an instrument in marketing.
Explain what is meant by market segmentation and target market.
Explain the advantages and disadvantages of segmentation.
Choose which approach to segmentation and target market.
Explain the advantages and disadvantages of segmentation.
Choose which approach to segmentation applies to you.
Segment consumer markets.
Segment organisational markets.
Explain the criteria for segmentation to be useful.
Position your product offering.
Know the process to follow in order to segment a market.
Explain what a product is.
Identify and develop a product mix.
Describe the different product strategies.
Choose a suitable brand name for your product.
Design a good package for your product.
Describe the implications of warranties.
Follow the process needed to develop new products.
Define what is meant by price.
Identify the factors affecting price
Explaining the objectives of pricing.
Describe the three basic pricing strategies.
Discuss the various pricing adjustments.
Evaluate decisions regarding the use of credit.
Define what is meant by distribution.
Identify the choices of distribution intensity.
Distinguish between different types of middlemen.
Describe the different types of distribution channels.
Discuss the factors affecting the selection of a distribution channel.
Pinpoint the causes of conflict in a channel.
Evaluate different ways of controlling a distribution channel.
Evaluate the location factors that need to be considered.
Identify the factors to consider in determining a promotional mix.
Describe what promotion can achieve.
Explain the seven steps in designing a promotional mix.
List the different ways of setting a promotional budget.
Explain the advantages and disadvantages of the following promotion techniques: advertising, sales promotion, publicity and personal selling.
Explain what marketing planning means.
Identify why a marketing plan is useful.
Make marketing planning more effective.
Discuss the various components of a marketing plan.
Evaluate the current marketing situation of a small business.
Give a definition of a marketing strategy.
FINANCE OF SMALL BUSINESS
Demonstrate the ability to:
Explain the meaning of the financial function for the small business enterprise.
Give examples of financial activities in the small business enterprise.
Define financial management in the small business enterprise.
Name and explain the four pillars of financial management in the small business enterprise.
Define and discuss the most important concepts used in financial management.
Define the difference between the terms bookkeeping and accounting.
Write up the analysis cashbook for an enterprise.
Carry out a bank reconciliation of the enterprise's cashbook and bank statement.
Draw up a balancing trial balance from a given list of balances.
Draw up an income statement and a balance sheet from a trial balance.
Explain the meaning of a cash flow statement.
Define the function of a petty cash record in the enterprise.
Explain the purpose of the analysis of the financial statements briefly.
Define a financial ratio.
Calculate and interpret the liquidity ratios.
Calculate and interpret the most important activity ratios.
Calculate and interpret the basic solvency ratios.
Calculate and interpret the profitability ratios.
Describe and explain the difference between fixed, variable and total costs.
Define the concepts income and marginal income.
Define and calculate marginal income percentage.
Define the break-even point.
Draw a graph showing the break-even point.
Calculate the amount that must be sold to make a particular profit.
Determine the influence on the break-even point of changes to the selling price and the costs.
Give reasons why a budget is drawn up.
Distinguish between the various components from which a master budget is compiled.
Draw up the budgeted income statement and balance sheet.
Draw up the cash budget.
Draw conclusions and take decisions on the basis of the completed budgets.
Compare actual costs with budgeted cost and draw conclusions.
Explain briefly the importance of sales forecasting with a view to determining the capital needs.
Define the concept 'sales forecasting'
List and explain the factors that can influence the expected sales.
Give guidelines according to which the enterprise can do sales forecasting.
Explain the composition of the small business enterprise's capital need.
List and explain the factors that can influence the capital needs of the small business enterprise.
Discuss the influence of enterprise growth on the capital needs.
Explain the difference between internal and external sources of finance and give examples of each.
Explain the basic differences between own and borrowed capital.
Distinguish between the financing forms in the short, medium and long terms and explain examples of these forms.
Determine which form of financing will be suitable to finance which king of asset.
List and briefly explain the basic requirements for a successful financing application to a financial institution.
Suggest hints that will contribute to a greater likelihood of successful financing.
Define the concepts credit and creditworthiness and distinguish between the different forms of credit.
Explain the credit transaction.
List and briefly discuss the reasons for granting credit (the advantages of granting credit).
Give reasons for the importance of credit and debt collecting principles.
Discuss and explain the process of evaluating the creditworthiness of a credit applicant (collecting and analysing information).
Define the meaning of credit limit and the terms of credit.
Explain the importance of efficient debt collection.
List and discuss principles for making debt collection easier and more efficient.
Identify the various types of stock.
Name and discuss the reasons for keeping stock.
Name and discuss the costs of keeping stock.
Name and explain the results of ineffective stock control.
Name and explain the factors that influence the amount of stock an enterprise has to keep.
Calculate the amount of stock that must be kept, using the turnover rate as a guideline
Define, explain and calculate the term order level.
Define and explain the term safety stock.
Explain the purpose of stock control
Explain the purpose of keeping stock records.
Assess the effectiveness of stock management using the stock turnover rate.
Explain the purpose of stock valuation.
Do a stock valuation using the various methods discussed.
Distinguish between indirect and direct taxation.
Know when your enterprise must register for value-added tax.
Calculate value added tax/
Know the components that direct tax consists of.
Define the difference between employee's and provisional tax.
Calculate provisional tax.
Distinguish the options available to make provision for financial remuneration.
Evaluate the various insurance policies at your disposal and their application in your enterprise.
MICROSOFT OFFICE SUITE
INTRODUCTION TO WINDOWS
Demonstrate the ability to:
Work in Windows 95,
Create files
Create folders
Browse and explore the computer
Print
Customise the desktop
INTRODUCTION TO MS WORD
Demonstrate the ability to:
Open the programme
Manage document files
Edit and check documents
Format a document
Enhance a document
Print a document
Draw lines, objects and 3D shapes
Prepare and print labels
Save a document in HTML format
Create a hyperlink, economy
Browse linked documents
INTRODUCTION TO MS EXCEL
Demonstrate the ability to:
Open the programme
Manage Workbook files by opening and saving an existing workbook
Create a simple worksheets
Use the advanced feature of the program
Create and modify a chart
Print a workbook
Present a workbook in HTML
INTRODUCTION TO MS POWERPOINT
Demonstrate the ability to:
Start PowerPoint in windows and get acquainted with the package
Open presentations
Develop and enhance presentations
Manage presentation files
Use special presentation effects
ECONOMICS
Ability to:
Describe the theory of demand and supply
Describe how the total economic activities are measured
Describe the economics and diseconomics of scale
Describe the market structure and define terms such as perfect competition, monopoly, monopolistic competition and oligopoly.
Describe the law of diminishing utility
Describe the law of diminishing returns
Identify the macro-economic variables
Explain economic equilibrium in two, three and four sector models
Define terms consumption, the multiplier, aggregate demand, aggregate supply, credit creation
Describe the functions of money and explain the demand for money (liquidity preference)
Explain the relationship between inflation and unemployment and their impact on the economy
Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of direct and indirect taxes
Describe the meaning of fiscal policy
Define the term monetary policy and explain the instruments of monetary policy
Describe the concept of economic growth
Describe terms such as protectionism, balance of payments, exchange rate
Explain various exchange rate systems
BUSINESS COMMUNICATIONS
Ability to:
Give a broad definition of communication with special reference to the interpersonal communication process in the business environment
Distinguish between verbal and non-verbal communication
Describe the interpersonal communication process and a basic interpersonal communications model, including reference to the message, code, feedback and interference
Describe mass communication as a process, with reference only to the way in which it differs from the interpersonal communications process.
Outline of development and functions, advantages and disadvantages of mass media.
Describe the different types of non-verbal communication
Describe organisational communication (Range, Vertical, Horizontal, Diagonal, Small group communication, the grapevine, internal communications media, external communications media
Identify communication barriers (Range, Physical, Physiological, Psychological, Semantic)
Define verbal communications (Range, register, style, tone)
Analyse using practical communication situations
Deal with business correspondence:
Concise formats (telephone messages, telegrams, telexes, formal invitations and accepting/declining these, bulletin board notices, and so on)
Memorandum (inter-office and interdepartmental)
Letters of enquiry and replies to these
Letters of complaint and adjustment
Letters of invitation to VIPs
Sales promotion/marketing through circulars
Application with/without curriculum vitae.
Letters of appointment/registration
Testimonials/references
Letters to the press
Letters of goodwill/introduction
Prepare an advertisement:
The AIDA formula
Factual, emotive and persuasive advertising
Advertising ethics and the advertising Standards Authority
Classified ('small')
Display advertisements (including those featuring employment opportunity)
Mail drops (leaflets, brochures, circulars)
Press releases
Prepare and chair meetings:
Notice, agenda and minutes of organisations not for gain.
Annual general meeting.
Special/extraordinary general meetings
Executive/committee meetings
Knowledge of basic meeting procedure applicable to the appointment, rules of debate-proposals and amendments, seconding, motions, replies, point of order, voting, adjournments/closing, and so on, excluding proxies - and relevant terminology
Holding of mock meetings
Prepare written reports: Formal and semi formal (memorandum or letter form) reports, summary (investigation), progress, attendance and annual reports, graphic representations, questionnaires, objective, scientific writing.)
Answer a telephone
Conduct an interviewing
Conduct a public performance: Introduction, announcements, welcoming speeches, proposing toasts, presentation of reports, formal speeches.
MANAGEMENT I
Ability to:
Explain the role of the business organisation and management in satisfying people's needs
Describe what the management process entails and how it enables organisations to achieve their goals
Describe the different levels and kinds of managers in an organisation
Explain the skills required of management and how the skills are acquired
Describe the scope of management and its challenges
Describe the concepts of systems theory
Describe the composition and characteristics of the management environment
Describe the internal and micro-environment including the different levels of management in the enterprise, the managerial skills required at the various levels
Explain the market or task environment and macro-environment
Understand the importance of planning
Explain ways in which management reacts to the environment
Understand the importance of planning
Explain the development of organisational goals as a step in the planning process
Understand the impact of planning premises
Describe the nature and specifications of organisational goals
Explain the process of goal setting, the management of multiple goals and the techniques for goal setting for the individual organisation with special emphasis on the process, benefits and weaknesses of MBO.
Identify and discuss the different kinds of organisational plans and explain the time frame for planning
Explain the steps in the planning process
Identify barriers to effective planning and know how to overcome these barriers
Identify and discuss important planning tools
Discuss the concept of strategic planning
Describe the strategic planning process
Explain the levels of strategy
Explain each component of the strategic planning process and discuss behavioural considerations affecting strategic choice
Define an information system and identify the components of an information system
Describe a classification of information systems
Describe the steps in developing an information system
Understand the term 'organising' in the management sense and describe how organising fits in with other functions in the management process
Describe the designing of the structure of an organisation and describe the use and limitations on the various kinds of structures
Understand how authority ties into management
Distinguish between various types of power
Do an analysis of delegating and understand the link between authority, centralisation and decentralisation
Explain the importance of co-ordination
Highlight the aspects of job design
Define the major types of managerial decisions and explain conditions under which managers make decisions
Describe the rational model of decision making
Discuss the techniques for improving group decision making
Explain quantitative tools for decision making
Discuss the importance of leadership as a fundamental management function and explain the nature and components of leadership
Participate in the leadership versus management debate
Examine different leadership models in an effort to throw light on the essence of leadership
Discuss the contemporary perspectives on leadership
Review the interfaces between leadership and organisational politics
Explain what motivation encompasses and explain the different motivational theories
Explain the role of money as a motivator
Describe how to create jobs that motivate
Describe the difference between groups and teams and the reasons why people form teams
Describe the different types of groups found in an organisation
Describe the stages in group development and appropriate leadership styles
Explain the emergence of group characteristics and describe inter-group dynamics
Discuss how to develop groups and teams
Understand the importance of control as the final component of the management process and explain the focal points of control
Illustrate the relationship between control and planning and hence the cycle of the management process
Understand the difference between planned and reactive change
Describe the forces for change and types of change
Explain he change process
Understand resistance to change and to overcome it
Describe the methods to introduce change
Understand the relationship between culture and change
INFORMATION SYSTME S AND TECHNOLOGY
(CONCEPTS OF MANAGEMENT COMPUTING)
Ability to:
Define management information systems and the way it provides information for decision making at different management levels
Define, discuss and demonstrate a working knowledge of the different aspects of computer hardware and software fundamentals
Describe and demonstrate the use of files, databases and the processing and storage of data
Demonstrate a working knowledge of basic computer terminology
Demonstrate the ability to develop and implement a computer system
List the provisions of the 1983 Computer Evidence Act.
PRINCIPLES OF LAW
Ability to:
Define the concepts of law
Relate the purposes and functions of law
Describe real rights and personal rights
Define the concept of legal personality
Explain the various forms of business enterprise
Identify the sources of SA law
Differentiate between the various SA courts and the jurisdiction of these courts
Describe the doctrine of precedence
Explain legal procedures and practitioners
Describe the divisions of law in SA
Identify the basic legal principles that feature in all contracts
Explain how and when a contract id created and the rules that apply to all contracts
Demonstrate the difference between void and voidable contracts
Describe contracts in restraint of trade
Define the meaning of contracts for the benefit of third parties
Define cession, delegation and assignment
Explain how a contract can be breached and the remedies for breach of contract
Describe the ways in which a contract may be terminated and
Describe the rules relating to misrepresentation in delict
CERTIFICATE MODULE DESCRIPTOR
Management 1
Or
Small Business Management
Economics
Or
Communication
Or
Principles of Business Law
Computer elective
Cost and Management Accounting 1
Computer elective - choose one of the following
Concepts of Management Computing or
Microsoft Office Suite (Windows 95 or 98, Word, Excel, PowerPoint |
