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SAQA All qualifications and part qualifications registered on the National Qualifications Framework are public property. Thus the only payment that can be made for them is for service and reproduction. It is illegal to sell this material for profit. If the material is reproduced or quoted, the South African Qualifications Authority (SAQA) should be acknowledged as the source.
SOUTH AFRICAN QUALIFICATIONS AUTHORITY 
REGISTERED UNIT STANDARD: 

Define and understand production systems and production management 
SAQA US ID UNIT STANDARD TITLE
116115  Define and understand production systems and production management 
ORIGINATOR
SGB Primary Agriculture 
PRIMARY OR DELEGATED QUALITY ASSURANCE FUNCTIONARY
-  
FIELD SUBFIELD
Field 01 - Agriculture and Nature Conservation Primary Agriculture 
ABET BAND UNIT STANDARD TYPE PRE-2009 NQF LEVEL NQF LEVEL CREDITS
Undefined  Regular  Level 2  NQF Level 02  2 
REGISTRATION STATUS REGISTRATION START DATE REGISTRATION END DATE SAQA DECISION NUMBER
Passed the End Date -
Status was "Reregistered" 		 2018-07-01  2023-06-30  SAQA 06120/18 
LAST DATE FOR ENROLMENT LAST DATE FOR ACHIEVEMENT
2026-06-30   2029-06-30  

In all of the tables in this document, both the pre-2009 NQF Level and the NQF Level is shown. In the text (purpose statements, qualification rules, etc), any references to NQF Levels are to the pre-2009 levels unless specifically stated otherwise.  

This unit standard does not replace any other unit standard and is not replaced by any other unit standard. 

PURPOSE OF THE UNIT STANDARD 
The learner achieving this unit standard will be able to understand basic production systems, the basic managerial tasks, additional management tasks and the management objective in the agri-business environment. In addition they will be well positioned to extend their learning and practice into other areas of business and agriculture, benefiting agriculture by placing managers that are trained to understand that agricultural production is a business.

Learners will understand the importance of the application of business principles in agricultural production with specific reference to production/conversion.

They will be able to operate farming practices as businesses and will gain the knowledge and skills to move from a subsistence orientation to an economic orientation in agriculture. Knowledge and skills to access mainstream agriculture through a business-orientated approach to agriculture will be gained by farmers. 

LEARNING ASSUMED TO BE IN PLACE AND RECOGNITION OF PRIOR LEARNING 
It is assumed that a learner attempting this unit standard will demonstrate competence against the unit standard or equivalent:
  • NQF Level 1: Define production and understand the basic activities of production / conversion in the agri-business environment (ID 116165). 
    		•

    UNIT STANDARD RANGE 
    Whilst range statements have been defined generically to include as wide a set of alternatives as possible, all range statements should be interpreted within the specific context of application.

    Range statements are neither comprehensive nor necessarily appropriate to all contexts. Alternatives must however be comparable in scope and complexity. These are only as a general guide to scope and complexity of what is required. 

    Specific Outcomes and Assessment Criteria: 

    SPECIFIC OUTCOME 1 
    Understand production system in an agri-business environment. 
    OUTCOME RANGE 
    Production systems refer to but are not limited to inputs applied, transformation processes and desired outputs. 

    ASSESSMENT CRITERIA     

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 1 
    The interaction with the market is described. 
    ASSESSMENT CRITERION RANGE 
  • Market refers to but is not limited to input market, output market.
  • Interaction refers to the activities that take place between input markets, production systems and output markets.
     
    		•

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 2 
    An understanding of the limited nature of natural resources is demonstrated. 
    ASSESSMENT CRITERION RANGE 
    Natural resources refer to but are not limited to soil, land, and water.
     

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 3 
    The reciprocal interaction between agricultural processes and environmental factors is described. 
    ASSESSMENT CRITERION RANGE 
  • What effect does the environment have on agricultural practices - positive / negative (e.g. Production limitations, environmental legislations).
  • What effect agricultural practices have on the environment - positive / negative (pollution, erosion).
     
    		•

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 4 
    The concept of optimal usage of resources and optimisation of outputs is understood. 
    ASSESSMENT CRITERION RANGE 
  • Resources refer to but are not restricted to capital, land, water, facilities, human resources, information, and raw materials, etc.
  • Optimisation refers to the best usage of inputs and resources to deliver the best possible level of output.
  • Best includes optimisation in terms of quality and / or quantity.
     
    		•

    SPECIFIC OUTCOME 2 
    Understand and define the basic managerial tasks. 
    OUTCOME RANGE 
    Basic management tasks refer to but are not limited to planning, leading, organising, implementation and control. 

    ASSESSMENT CRITERIA     

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 1 
    The importance of planning is defined and explained. 

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 2 
    The various components in the planning process are described. 

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 3 
    The essence of schedulingis defined and understood. 
    ASSESSMENT CRITERION RANGE 
    The essence of scheduling includes but is not limited to the purpose of scheduling and the various steps that have to be followed.
     

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 4 
    The essence of organising is defined and explained. 
    ASSESSMENT CRITERION RANGE 
    The essence of organising includes but is not limited to the appropriate allocation of human resources.
     

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 5 
    The essence of implementation is defined and explained. 
    ASSESSMENT CRITERION RANGE 
    The essence of implementation includes but is not limited to the creation of infrastructure to perform the steps that have to be followed with certain activities.
     

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 6 
    The essence of leadership is defined and explained. 
    ASSESSMENT CRITERION RANGE 
    The essence of leadership includes but is not limited to characteristics of good leaders, development of leadership abilities, etc.
     

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 7 
    The concept of control, feedback, adaptation and correction is defined and explained. 

    SPECIFIC OUTCOME 3 
    Understand and define the additional production management tasks. 
    OUTCOME RANGE 
    Additional basic managerial tasks refer to but are not limited to decision making, communication, motivation, coordination, delegation, discipline, and human resource management. 

    ASSESSMENT CRITERIA     

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 1 
    The purpose and various steps involved in the decision-making process are defined and explained. 

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 2 
    An understanding of the importance of good communication by exhibiting good communication skills is demonstrated. 
    ASSESSMENT CRITERION RANGE 
    Communication skills include but are not limited to listening, comprehensive reading, writing, verbal skills and the processing of the message.
     

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 3 
    The essence of motivation is defined and explained. 

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 4 
    The essence of coordination is defined and explained. 

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 5 
    The essence of delegation is defined and explained. 

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 6 
    The essence of discipline is defined and explained. 

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 7 
    A basic understanding of human resource management is demonstrated. 
    ASSESSMENT CRITERION RANGE 
    Human resource management include but is not limited to identification of skills required, number of labourers required, salary payments, personnel development, etc.
     

    SPECIFIC OUTCOME 4 
    Understand the process of setting goals and objectives related to systems within an agricultural business 

    ASSESSMENT CRITERIA     

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 1 
    An understanding of the concept of business goal setting is demonstrated. 

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 2 
    Various mechanisms and processes that enable goals to be set are discussed. 
    ASSESSMENT CRITERION RANGE 
    Mechanisms include but are not limited to the components of business plans such as SWOT analyses, (micro-, meso- and macro-) environmental analyses, budgets, etc.
     

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 3 
    A basic knowledge about the parameters and structure of various agricultural production systems is demonstrated. 

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 4 
    The ability to set and discuss basic theoretical goals using a variety of techniques for a variety of basic agricultural production systems is demonstrated. 

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 5 
    The ability to integrate basic goals for agricultural systems within an agricultural enterprise is demonstrated. 


    UNIT STANDARD ACCREDITATION AND MODERATION OPTIONS 
    The assessment of qualifying learners against this standard should meet the requirements of established assessment principles.

    It will be necessary to develop assessment activities and tools, which are appropriate to the contexts in which the qualifying learners are working. These activities and tools may include an appropriate combination of self-assessment and peer assessment, formative and summative assessment, portfolios and observations etc.

    The assessment should ensure that all the specific outcomes, critical cross-field outcomes and essential embedded knowledge are assessed.

    The specific outcomes must be assessed through observation of performance. Supporting evidence should be used to prove competence of specific outcomes only when they are not clearly seen in the actual performance.

    Essential embedded knowledge must be assessed in its own right, through oral or written evidence and cannot be assessed only by being observed.

    The specific outcomes and essential embedded knowledge must be assessed in relation to each other. If a qualifying learner is able to explain the essential embedded knowledge but is unable to perform the specific outcomes, they should not be assessed as competent. Similarly, if a qualifying learner is able to perform the specific outcomes but is unable to explain or justify their performance in terms of the essential embedded knowledge, then thy should not be assessed as competent.

    Evidence of the specified critical cross-field outcomes should be found both in performance and in the essential embedded knowledge.

    Performance of specific outcomes must actively affirm target groups of qualifying learners, not unfairly discriminate against them. Qualifying learners should be able to justify their performance in terms of these values.
  • Anyone assessing a learner against this unit standard must be registered as an assessor with the relevant ETQA.
  • Any institution offering learning that will enable achievement of this unit standard or assessing this unit standard must be accredited as a provider with the relevant ETQA.
  • Moderation of assessment will be overseen by the relevant ETQA according to the moderation guidelines in the relevant qualification and the agreed ETQA procedures. 
    		•

    UNIT STANDARD ESSENTIAL EMBEDDED KNOWLEDGE 
    The person is able to demonstrate a basic knowledge of:
  • Purpose of goals and objectives.
  • Aspects of the managerial tasks.
  • The structure of various agricultural production systems.
  • Basic presentation skills.
  • The basic components of managerial skills.
  • The setting of goals and objectives within an agricultural production set-up.
  • The purpose of learning about agricultural production and conversion systems.
  • The purpose of learning about management.
  • Understanding systems. 
    		•

    UNIT STANDARD DEVELOPMENTAL OUTCOME 
    N/A 

    UNIT STANDARD LINKAGES 
    N/A 


    Critical Cross-field Outcomes (CCFO): 

    UNIT STANDARD CCFO IDENTIFYING 
    Problem solving relates to all specific outcomes. 

    UNIT STANDARD CCFO WORKING 
    Teamwork relates to all specific outcomes. 

    UNIT STANDARD CCFO ORGANISING 
    Self-organisation and management relates to all specific outcomes. 

    UNIT STANDARD CCFO COMMUNICATING 
    Communication relates to all specific outcomes. 

    UNIT STANDARD CCFO DEMONSTRATING 
    The World as a set relates to all specific outcomes. 

    UNIT STANDARD CCFO CONTRIBUTING 
    Self-development relates to all specific outcomes. 

    UNIT STANDARD ASSESSOR CRITERIA 
    N/A 

    REREGISTRATION HISTORY 
    As per the SAQA Board decision/s at that time, this unit standard was Reregistered in 2012; 2015. 

    UNIT STANDARD NOTES 
    N/A 

    QUALIFICATIONS UTILISING THIS UNIT STANDARD: 
      ID QUALIFICATION TITLE PRE-2009 NQF LEVEL NQF LEVEL STATUS END DATE PRIMARY OR DELEGATED QA FUNCTIONARY
    Core  48976   National Certificate: Animal Production  Level 2  NQF Level 02  Passed the End Date -
    Status was "Reregistered"     		 2023-06-30  AgriSETA 
    Core  48977   National Certificate: Mixed Farming Systems  Level 2  NQF Level 02  Passed the End Date -
    Status was "Reregistered"     		 2023-06-30  AgriSETA 
    Core  48975   National Certificate: Plant Production  Level 2  NQF Level 02  Passed the End Date -
    Status was "Reregistered"     		 2023-06-30  AgriSETA 


    PROVIDERS CURRENTLY ACCREDITED TO OFFER THIS UNIT STANDARD: 
    This information shows the current accreditations (i.e. those not past their accreditation end dates), and is the most complete record available to SAQA as of today. Some Primary or Delegated Quality Assurance Functionaries have a lag in their recording systems for provider accreditation, in turn leading to a lag in notifying SAQA of all the providers that they have accredited to offer qualifications and unit standards, as well as any extensions to accreditation end dates. The relevant Primary or Delegated Quality Assurance Functionary should be notified if a record appears to be missing from here.
     
    1. Balemi Consulting Pty Ltd 
    2. Boikgantsho Consulting & Events 
    3. Bumunhu Services Providers Cc 
    4. Cedara College of Agriculture 
    5. Dihwai Food Cultural and Agricultural Services 
    6. ELSENBURG AGRICULTURAL COLLEGE 
    7. Escay Catering and other Services 
    8. Ghoenas Kraal Opleiding Sentrum 
    9. Goldfields FET College 
    10. Heedmorine Training 
    11. Ikhwezi Drakensburg Rural & Urban Development Chamber 
    12. Impact Plus Training Consultants 
    13. Interactive Trading 747 ( PTY) LTD 
    14. KABELANO TRAINING SOLUTIONS (PTY) LTD 
    15. KayDee Project Management Cc 
    16. Kgopane Trading Enterprise 
    17. Kimbali Holdings 
    18. KMK Training Services (PTY) Ltd 
    19. Knowledge For Ever 
    20. Madzivhandila Agricultural College 
    21. Maishamalema Development Training 
    22. Mananthatshema Skills Dev. Centre 
    23. Marang Women in Agric and Development 
    24. Mathapuso Construction and Projects 
    25. Matotomana Training & General Trading 
    26. Mbimbini Training and Community Development 
    27. Mobile Agri Skills Development and Training NPC 
    28. Mogaladi Business Enterprise 
    29. Montshepetsa Bosui Farming & Training Cnt 
    30. Morwa Agri-development cc 
    31. Mpontshe Training 
    32. Mthashana FET College - Vryheid Campus 
    33. Mvelo Consultant 
    34. National Institute For The Deaf - NID 
    35. New Heights 1082 Pty Ltd 
    36. Ngwato Wa Mphela Agriculture Training Services 
    37. Nophelo Training Centre 
    38. Novi General Services 
    39. Phill Skills and Development Institute 
    40. Posh Accredited Training Pty Ltd 
    41. Rasun Holdings Pty Ltd 
    42. Sekhukhune FET College - Central Office 
    43. Selipha Trading (Pty) Ltd 
    44. Setlakala Business Development 
    45. Siyafundisa I Africa 
    46. Siyasanga Training Centre 
    47. Stance Skills Academy Pty Ltd 
    48. Suidwes Beleggings Eiendoms Beperk 
    49. Take Note Trading 227 cc 
    50. TALANA AGRI ACADEMY 
    51. Taletso FET College - Central Office 
    52. The Skills Development Hub (Pty) Ltd 
    53. Thuto Boshwa Skills Development Services 
    54. TM Mashwara and Projects 
    55. Tompi Seleka Agricultural College 
    56. TPN Training and Recruitment cc 
    57. Tripple R Training Provider 
    58. University of Limpopo 
    59. Vari Holdings (Pty)Ltd 
    60. Westco Agri Training 


    All qualifications and part qualifications registered on the National Qualifications Framework are public property. Thus the only payment that can be made for them is for service and reproduction. It is illegal to sell this material for profit. If the material is reproduced or quoted, the South African Qualifications Authority (SAQA) should be acknowledged as the source.