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SOUTH AFRICAN QUALIFICATIONS AUTHORITY 
REGISTERED QUALIFICATION THAT HAS PASSED THE END DATE: 

National Certificate: Long Term Insurance 
SAQA QUAL ID QUALIFICATION TITLE
20773  National Certificate: Long Term Insurance 
ORIGINATOR
SGB Financial Services 
PRIMARY OR DELEGATED QUALITY ASSURANCE FUNCTIONARY NQF SUB-FRAMEWORK
INSETA - Insurance Sector Education and Training Authority  OQSF - Occupational Qualifications Sub-framework 
QUALIFICATION TYPE FIELD SUBFIELD
National Certificate  Field 03 - Business, Commerce and Management Studies  Finance, Economics and Accounting 
ABET BAND MINIMUM CREDITS PRE-2009 NQF LEVEL NQF LEVEL QUAL CLASS
Undefined  120  Level 4  NQF Level 04  Regular-Unit Stds Based 
REGISTRATION STATUS SAQA DECISION NUMBER REGISTRATION START DATE REGISTRATION END DATE
Passed the End Date -
Status was "Registered" 
SAQA 0639/01  2001-12-05  2004-12-05 
LAST DATE FOR ENROLMENT LAST DATE FOR ACHIEVEMENT
2005-12-05   2008-12-05  

In all of the tables in this document, both the pre-2009 NQF Level and the NQF Level is shown. In the text (purpose statements, qualification rules, etc), any references to NQF Levels are to the pre-2009 levels unless specifically stated otherwise.  

This qualification does not replace any other qualification and is not replaced by any other qualification. 

PURPOSE AND RATIONALE OF THE QUALIFICATION 
The purpose of the qualification is to build knowledge and skill required by employees in long term insurance who have had schooling at or below NQF level 4. It is intended to empower learners to acquire knowledge, skills, attitudes and values required to operate confidently as individuals in the South African community and to respond to the challenges of the economic environment and changing world of work in the financial services industry. It should add value to the qualifying learner in terms of enrichment of the person, status and recognition.

As a qualification that covers long term insurance related learning, it provides a framework for learners to develop competencies that will give them insight into the Long Term Insurance sub sector which includes life, healthcare benefits administration and employee benefits. It introduces a basic understanding of the key terms, rules, concepts and principles of the field that will enable learners to be informed workers in the industry. It provides a balanced learning experience that allows flexible access to life long learning, higher education and to productive employment in long term insurance. It provides an opportunity for learners to learn and apply academic skills in relation to the workplace and will allow for multi-skilling.

The National Certificate in Long Term Insurance: Level 4 is intended for personnel employed in long term insurance. The focus is on basic information gathering, analysis, presentation and the ability to apply knowledge of the field to solve routine problems within given frameworks.

Qualifying learners are capable of
  • Carrying out basic research, information gathering and analysis.
  • Interpreting current affairs and their influence on long term insurance.
  • Managing risk in their own lives and in a business environment.
  • Operating a computer for business purposes.
  • Understanding the nature and scope of long term insurance.
  • Understanding retirement funding in South Africa.
  • Applying legislation that regulates long term insurance.
  • Managing an information system
  • Understanding the relationship between needs and long term insurance products.
  • Understanding the different products marketed by the industry.
  • Recognising fraud in long term insurance.
  • Understanding the role of insurance in a business environment.
  • Processing numerical and text data.
  • Maintaining an information system.
  • Recognising the effect of HIV/AIDS in the insurance industry.

    Depending on the unit standards selected as electives, the learner will become competent in basic skills relating to
  • Understanding funeral insurance.
  • Using the Internet and e-mail
  • Understanding unit trusts as an investment frequently used by life insurers.
  • Understanding the impact of a healthy lifestyle on insurance cover.
  • Understanding healthcare funding in South Africa.
  • Marketing a single need product to a niche market.
  • Understanding the types of statutory insurance that is compulsory in South Africa.
  • Accessing information to respond to client enquiries.
  • Communicating verbally with clients.
  • Understanding the sales process.
  • Knowing how to retain or expand business

    These unit standards are intended as building blocks for the further development of skills that will make the learner a more fulfilled, informed, efficient and cost effective worker in the industry. This should result, in turn, in more effective and efficient service to the consumer and should make the industry more competitive in the global market.


    Rationale for the qualification:

    The National Certificate in Long Term Insurance: Level 4 is designed to meet the needs of learners in a variety of positions in the long term insurance sub sector. It is a generic qualification with specialisation in a selected career path in the long term insurance industry. It is first step for learners who:
  • Have attained the National Certificate in Insurance: Level 3 and wish to continue on a path of life-long learning specialising in long term insurance.
  • Were previously disadvantaged or who were unable to complete their schooling and were therefore denied access to Further Education and Training.
  • Have worked in the long term insurance sub sector for many years, but have no formal qualifications in their area of specialisation.
  • Wish to extend their range of skills and knowledge of the industry so that they can become knowledge workers in the industry.
  • Are in a learnership agreement in the Long Term Insurance sub sector.
  • Have recently taken up a position in long term insurance.

    The National Certificate in Long Term Insurance: Level 4, allows the individual to work towards a nationally recognised qualification. It is flexible enough to accommodate both learners in formal education and learners already employed in the Long Term Insurance sub sector. It aims to develop informed and skilled learners in the Long Term Insurance sector. The qualification at this level is the start of a career path in one of the areas of specialisation in long term insurance, but is still generic enough to allow maximum mobility within the industry. Skills, knowledge, values and attitudes reflected in the qualification are building blocks that will be developed further in Level 5. The intention is:
  • To promote the development of knowledge and skills that are required in the insurance industry.
  • To release the potential of people.
  • To provide opportunities for people to move up the value chain.
  • To provide opportunities for lifelong learning for people who work in long term insurance where there was previously no specialised qualification.

    Learners already employed in the long term insurance industry at this level do work that requires a well developed knowledge of appropriate legislation and the industry in general, and a range of skills. The work roles include but are not limited to:

  • Internal Broker Consultants
  • Call centre operators
  • Personal benefits
  • Corporate benefits
  • Intermediaries
  • Client Service providers
  • Service agents
  • Product developers
  • Marketing
  • Life administration

    The National Certificate in Long Term Insurance: Level 4 should produce knowledgeable, multi-skilled workers who are able to contribute to improved productivity and efficiency within the long term insurance industry. It should provide the means for current workers to receive recognition of prior learning, to upgrade their skills and achieve a nationally recognised qualification. It should also assist new entrants to the industry. The qualification is structured in a way that exposes learners to different aspects of long term insurance so that there is scope for multi-skilling within the sub sector. It is anticipated that this qualification will promote the notion of life long learning. 

  • LEARNING ASSUMED TO BE IN PLACE AND RECOGNITION OF PRIOR LEARNING 
    The unit standards that make up the certificate are the building blocks of knowledge and skill that are necessary for a proposed level 5 diploma. For the most part only communication, mathematical literacy and financial literacy at level 3 are assumed. Learners who have not previously received credit in the following unit standards, which are regarded as essential in all positions in the sub sector, are required to offer the standards as electives for this qualification.
  • Process numerical data and text information in an insurance environment.
  • Maintain an existing information system in an insurance environment.
  • Recognise the effects of HIV/AIDS in the insurance industry and workplace, and indicate the precautions that are necessary to avoid unnecessary transmission of the HI Virus.

    Learners may offer the following unit standards (from NSB 4) as electives in this qualification provided they have not previously received credit for the unit standards as part of Communication at level 3:
  • Access information to respond to client enquiries in a financial services environment.
  • Communicate verbally with clients in a financial services environment.


    Recognition of Prior Learning:

    The National Certificate in Long Term Insurance: Level 4 allows open access. Provision has been made for prior learning to be recognised if a learner is able to demonstrate competence in the knowledge, skills, values and attitudes implicit in this qualification. Application for Recognition of Prior Learning (RPL) should be made to INSQA or a relevant accredited ETQA.
  • Recognition of Prior Learning (RPL) may allow for accelerated access to further learning.
  • Credit towards a unit standard is subject to quality assurance by INSQA or a relevant accredited ETQA and is conducted by a workplace assessor. 

  • RECOGNISE PREVIOUS LEARNING? 

    EXIT LEVEL OUTCOMES 
    Qualifying learners should be capable of:
  • Co-ordinating with others.
  • Applying the methods, procedures and techniques used in long term insurance.
  • Analysing new developments in the industry and researching aspects of long term insurance.
  • Operating as informed employees in the long term insurance sub sector.
  • Understanding the structure and the market of long term insurance and their role and place in that structure.
  • Gathering, analysing and presenting information.
  • Operating within clearly defined contexts within the Long Term Insurance Act with limited scope for decision making and responsibility.
  • Understanding legislation that regulates long term insurance at a basic level of understanding.

    The learner is able to demonstrate ability to:
  • Identify and solve problems related to long term insurance in which responses show that responsible decisions using critical and creative thinking have been made.
  • Work effectively with others as a member of a team, group, organisation or community. As the qualification is intended to be part of a learnership it is unlikely that the learner would work alone.
  • Organise and manage oneself and one`s activities responsibly and effectively in that it is expected that the learner will be responsible for his/her own learning and for organising his/her own work allocated tasks responsibly in the work environment. S/he is required to complete research assignments timeously and to apply knowledge of different aspects of long term insurance. S/he should be able to provide for his/her own financial security and manage his/her own finances.
  • Collect, organise and critically evaluate information. These competencies are built into the assessment criteria in many of the unit standards and the learner is required to do research projects and analyse information from the media.
  • Communicate effectively using visual, mathematics and language skills in the modes of oral and/or written presentations. These competencies are an integral part of all the unit standards and are built into the assessment criteria.
  • Use science and technology effectively and critically showing responsibility towards the environment and the health of others in that the long term insurance environment is technology driven and very few activities take place without the application of technology. The inclusion of computer end user standards ensures that this critical cross-field outcome receives attention. The learner is also expected to access information from electronic media and use a computerised data base.
  • Demonstrate an understanding of the world as a set of related systems by recognising that problem-solving contexts do not exist in isolation in that references are made wherever applicable to the learners` part in the big picture and how his/her actions have implications up and down the line.

    In addition this qualification contributes to the full personal development of each learner and the social and economic development of the society at large, by making it the underlying intention of any programme of learning to make the individual aware of the importance of:
  • Reflecting on and exploring a variety of strategies to learn more effectively in order to become an informed worker in long term insurance.
  • Being culturally and aesthetically sensitive across a range of social contexts in dealing with diverse people in the workplace including customers, co-workers and people who are surveyed or interviewed. The inclusion of an additional official South African language further supports this outcome. 

  • ASSOCIATED ASSESSMENT CRITERIA 
    Integrated assessment:

    Assessment practices must be fair, transparent, valid, reliable and should ensure that no learner is disadvantaged. Learners who wish to be assessed against this standard should direct enquiries to the Insurance Sector Quality Authority, INSQA.

    The focus of assessment must be on the assessment of the learning outcomes rather than learning outputs. The specific outcomes guide the learning and training process towards the outcomes on a continuous basis. The purpose is to determine whether the outcomes have been attained. Situations should present a wide range of options. Applications should require significant choices from a wide range of procedures and in a number of contexts.
  • Learning, teaching and assessment are inextricably linked. Where appropriate, assessment of knowledge, skills, attitudes and values indicated in the various unit standards should be integrated. Assessment in communication, mathematical literacy and financial literacy should use authentic insurance contexts wherever practical.
  • Assessment has a formative monitoring function. Formative assessment should be used to assess gaps in the learners` skill and knowledge and to indicate where there is a need for expanded opportunities. The goal is to promote learning and to assess the efficacy of the teaching and learning process. Feedback from assessment informs teaching and learning and allows for the critique of outcomes, methodology and materials. Formative assessment is diagnostic and as such it should guide the learner and the trainer. It is continuous and is used to plan appropriate learning experiences to meet the learner`s needs. It provides information about problems experienced at different stages in the learning process. As it is criterion referenced, if the learner has met the assessment criteria, s/he has achieved the outcomes.
  • Assessment should also have a summative component. Summative assessment may be used on completion of a unit standard, but should not be the only form of assessment.
  • A variety of methods must be used in assessment and tools and activities must be appropriate to the context in which the learner is working. Assessment should take place in an authentic context as far as is possible. Where it is not possible to assess competence in the workplace, simulations, case studies and other similar techniques should be used to provide a context appropriate to the assessment.
  • Integration implies that theoretical and practical components should where possible be assessed together.
  • Integrative techniques should be used to assess applied competence. Learners should be required to demonstrate that they can perform the outcomes with understanding and insight
  • Assessment should ensure that all specific outcomes, embedded knowledge and critical cross-field outcomes are evaluated. Assessment of the critical cross-field outcomes should be integrated with the assessment of the specific outcomes. The critical cross-field outcomes are implicit in some unit standards and programmes should be designed to extend and further reflect the integration. 

  • INTERNATIONAL COMPARABILITY 
    This qualification will be compared to international qualifications in terms of outcomes and assessment criteria, degree of difficulty and notional learning time. It will be benchmarked against:
  • FET level 4 in South African formal education.
  • IITC standards of competence for insurance life offices in the United Kingdom. 

  • ARTICULATION OPTIONS 
    Exit points for learners who do not complete a qualification:
  • Learners will be credited with unit standards in which they have proved competence.
  • Learners who complete individual unit standards but do not complete this qualification retain their credits. However, should the substance of the unit standard change, the validity of the credit towards the qualification may be reviewed. In such cases learners should apply to SAQA for an official record of learning.
  • Learners who change their provider or learning site before completing the qualification may transfer their credits to the new learning site.
  • An official, original SAQA record of learning is required as proof of learning before the learner is officially transferred to the new learning site. 

  • MODERATION OPTIONS 
    This qualification will be internally assessed by the provider and moderated by a moderator registered by the Insurance Sector Quality Authority (INSQA) or a relevant accredited ETQA. The mechanisms and requirements for moderation will be contained in the document obtainable from INSQA in 2001, INSQA framework for assessment and moderation.
  • Assessors must be registered with INSQA or a relevant accredited ETQA.
  • Moderators, competent at the level of the qualification, are registered by INSQA or a relevant accredited ETQA to ensure that the standard across assessors is consistent.
  • Moderators are required to be competent in assessment practices.
  • Moderators are required to report to INSQA or a relevant accredited ETQA. (See INSQA framework and guidelines for assessment and moderation for details.)
  • Institutions and providers offering learning that will lead to the achievement of the National Certificate in Long Term Insurance: Level 4 must be accredited as providers with INSQA or a relevant accredited ETQA.
  • INSQA or a relevant accredited ETQA will monitor and quality assure moderation and assessment according to guidelines in the qualification and INSQA procedures.
  • INSQA or a relevant accredited ETQA will assure the quality of all learning programmes in collaboration with other SETAS in different economic sectors. 

  • CRITERIA FOR THE REGISTRATION OF ASSESSORS 
    This qualification will be internally assessed by the provider and moderated by a moderator registered by the Insurance Sector Quality Authority (INSQA) or a relevant accredited ETQA. The mechanisms and requirements for moderation will be contained in the document obtainable from INSQA in 2001, INSQA framework for assessment and moderation.
  • Assessors must be registered with INSQA or a relevant accredited ETQA.
  • Moderators, competent at the level of the qualification are registered by INSQA or a relevant accredited ETQA to ensure that the standard across assessors is consistent.
  • Moderators are required to be competent in assessment practices.
  • Moderators are required to report to INSQA or a relevant accredited ETQA. (See INSQA framework and guidelines for assessment and moderation for details.)
  • Institutions and providers offering learning that will lead to the achievement of the National Certificate in Long Term Insurance: Level 4 must be accredited as providers with INSQA or a relevant accredited ETQA.
  • INSQA or a relevant accredited ETQA will monitor and quality assure moderation and assessment according to guidelines in the qualification and INSQA procedures.
  • INSQA will assure the quality of all learning programmes in collaboration with other SETAS in different economic sectors. 

  • NOTES 
    Fundamental Unit Standards:

    20 credits are required from Communication:
    An additional South African official language at NQF level 2 or above from the list of official languages other than the language of business provided that:
  • The language has not been offered under fundamental.
  • Only one language from the Nguni group may be offered as either elective or fundamental.
  • Only one language from the Sotho group may be offered as either elective or fundamental.
    Range:
    Official languages are Sepedi, Sesotho, Setswana, siSwati, Tshivenda, Xitsonga, Afrikaans, English, isiNdebele, isiXhosa, IsiZulu and sign language.
    (Unit Standards 8968, 8969 and 8970 are compulsory for this qualification);

    16 credits are required from Mathematical literacy;
    10 credits are required from Financial literacy.

    Core Unit Standards:

    56 credits are required.

    Elective Unit Standards:

    18 credits are required. 

  • UNIT STANDARDS: 
      ID UNIT STANDARD TITLE PRE-2009 NQF LEVEL NQF LEVEL CREDITS
    Core  8988  Describe life insurance  Level 3  NQF Level 03 
    Core  8992  Describe retirement funding in South Africa  Level 3  NQF Level 03 
    Core  8987  Indicate how different needs lead to the development of different insurance products  Level 3  NQF Level 03 
    Core  8996  Indicate the scope of life insurance in South Africa  Level 3  NQF Level 03 
    Core  8994  Manage risk in own life  Level 3  NQF Level 03 
    Core  12326  Analyse new developments reported in the media that could impact on long term insurance  Level 4  NQF Level 04  10 
    Core  14314  Analyse the different products available in the Long Term Insurance Industry and the benefits of each  Level 4  NQF Level 04  10 
    Core  12168  Analyse the Financial Services industry and the role of insurance in a business environment  Level 4  NQF Level 04 
    Core  14315  Demonstrate knowledge and insight into the Income Tax Act (58 of 1962 and the accompanying regulations) as amended as it applies to insurance and investment products  Level 4  NQF Level 04 
    Core  14316  Demonstrate knowledge and insight into the Long Term Insurance Act (1998)  Level 4  NQF Level 04 
    Core  12332  Demonstrate knowledge and insight into the Policyholder protection legislation  Level 4  NQF Level 04 
    Core  12164  Demonstrate knowledge and insight of the Financial Advisory and Intermediary Services Act (FAIS) (Act 37 of 2002)  Level 4  NQF Level 04 
    Core  14318  Describe the control of fraud in Long Term Insurance  Level 4  NQF Level 04 
    Core  13954  Manage risk in own work/business environment  Level 4  NQF Level 04 
    Fundamental  8968  Accommodate audience and context needs in oral communication  Level 3  NQF Level 03 
    Fundamental  8971  Analyse and respond to a variety of literary texts  Level 3  NQF Level 03 
    Fundamental  8972  Interpret a variety of literary texts  Level 3  NQF Level 03 
    Fundamental  8969  Interpret and use information from texts  Level 3  NQF Level 03 
    Fundamental  8973  Use language and communication in occupational learning programmes  Level 3  NQF Level 03 
    Fundamental  8970  Write texts for a range of communicative contexts  Level 3  NQF Level 03 
    Fundamental  9015  Apply knowledge of statistics and probability to critically interrogate and effectively communicate findings on life related problems  Level 4  NQF Level 04 
    Fundamental  10389  Describe the basic principles of personal income tax  Level 4  NQF Level 04 
    Fundamental  10385  Develop a business plan for a small business  Level 4  NQF Level 04 
    Fundamental  8974  Engage in sustained oral communication and evaluate spoken texts  Level 4  NQF Level 04 
    Fundamental  8977  Evaluate literary texts  Level 4  NQF Level 04 
    Fundamental  10388  Interpret basic financial statements  Level 4  NQF Level 04 
    Fundamental  10386  Investigate the possibilities of establishing and running a small business enterprise (SMME)  Level 4  NQF Level 04 
    Fundamental  10387  Investigate ways of managing financial risk in own lives  Level 4  NQF Level 04 
    Fundamental  8978  Motivate judgements on selected literary texts  Level 4  NQF Level 04 
    Fundamental  8975  Read analyse and respond to a variety of texts  Level 4  NQF Level 04 
    Fundamental  9016  Represent analyse and calculate shape and motion in 2-and 3-dimensional space in different contexts  Level 4  NQF Level 04 
    Fundamental  8979  Use language and communication in occupational learning programmes  Level 4  NQF Level 04 
    Fundamental  7468  Use mathematics to investigate and monitor the financial aspects of personal, business, national and international issues  Level 4  NQF Level 04 
    Fundamental  8976  Write for a wide range of contexts  Level 4  NQF Level 04 
    Elective  7573  Demonstrate ability to use the World Wide Web  Level 2  NQF Level 02 
    Elective  7571  Demonstrate the ability to use electronic mail software to send and receive messages  Level 2  NQF Level 02 
    Elective  8103  Maintain an existing information system in an insurance environment  Level 2  NQF Level 02 
    Elective  9004  Market a single need insurance policy to a niche market  Level 2  NQF Level 02 
    Elective  9350  Process numerical data and text information in an insurance environment  Level 2  NQF Level 02 
    Elective  9356  Recognise the effects of HIV/AIDS in the insurance industry and workplace, and indicate the precautions that are necessary to avoid unnecessary transmission of the HI Virus  Level 2  NQF Level 02 
    Elective  9302  Access information in order to respond to client enquiries in a financial services environment  Level 3  NQF Level 03 
    Elective  9003  Administer long term employee benefits and healthcare membership  Level 3  NQF Level 03 
    Elective  9303  Communicate verbally with clients in a financial environment  Level 3  NQF Level 03 
    Elective  8990  Describe collective investment schemes  Level 3  NQF Level 03 
    Elective  8995  Describe funeral insurance  Level 3  NQF Level 03 
    Elective  9002  Describe healthcare funding in South Africa and the role of intermediaries in the sector  Level 3  NQF Level 03 
    Elective  8998  Describe the importance of a healthy lifestyle for members of medical schemes and explain the concept of corporate wellness  Level 3  NQF Level 03 
    Elective  9001  Explain basic transactions in the collective investment industry  Level 3  NQF Level 03 
    Elective  8991  Explain Healthcare Benefits Administration in South Africa  Level 3  NQF Level 03 
    Elective  9005  Explain the types of compulsory statutory insurance in South Africa  Level 3  NQF Level 03 
    Elective  9000  Indicate how collective investment scheme portfolios are reported  Level 3  NQF Level 03 
    Elective  7567  Produce and use spreadsheets for business  Level 3  NQF Level 03 
    Elective  7575  Produce presentation documents for business  Level 3  NQF Level 03 
    Elective  7570  Produce word processing documents for business  Level 3  NQF Level 03 
    Elective  8986  Research the history of the Financial Services Industry in South Africa  Level 3  NQF Level 03  10 
    Elective  12167  Demonstrate knowledge and insight into the Capital Gains Tax Legislation as it applies to insurance and investment  Level 4  NQF Level 04 
    Elective  12166  Demonstrate knowledge and insight into the Collective Investment Schemes Act, 45 of 2003 (CICSA)  Level 4  NQF Level 04 
    Elective  12165  Demonstrate knowledge and insight into the Unit Trust Control Act (1981 amended 1988)  Level 4  NQF Level 04 
    Elective  12181  Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of basic investment techniques  Level 4  NQF Level 04 
    Elective  12323  Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of different products marketed by Healthcare Benefits Administrators  Level 4  NQF Level 04 
    Elective  14317  Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of the sales process in Long Term Insurance  Level 4  NQF Level 04 
    Elective  12170  Describe different types of equity based investments  Level 4  NQF Level 04 
    Elective  12171  Describe different types of interest bearing investments and compare these to equities  Level 4  NQF Level 04 
    Elective  14319  Explore strategies to retain or expand existing business in the insurance/investment industry  Level 4  NQF Level 04 
    Elective  12183  Indicate how different needs lead to the development of different investment products  Level 4  NQF Level 04 
    Elective  12185  Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of risk in a financial services environment  Level 5  Level TBA: Pre-2009 was L5 


    LEARNING PROGRAMMES RECORDED AGAINST THIS QUALIFICATION: 
     
    NONE 


    PROVIDERS CURRENTLY ACCREDITED TO OFFER THIS QUALIFICATION: 
    This information shows the current accreditations (i.e. those not past their accreditation end dates), and is the most complete record available to SAQA as of today. Some Primary or Delegated Quality Assurance Functionaries have a lag in their recording systems for provider accreditation, in turn leading to a lag in notifying SAQA of all the providers that they have accredited to offer qualifications and unit standards, as well as any extensions to accreditation end dates. The relevant Primary or Delegated Quality Assurance Functionary should be notified if a record appears to be missing from here.
     
    1. African Resources & Financial Training (Pty) Ltd 
    2. Faisit (Pty) Ltd 



    All qualifications and part qualifications registered on the National Qualifications Framework are public property. Thus the only payment that can be made for them is for service and reproduction. It is illegal to sell this material for profit. If the material is reproduced or quoted, the South African Qualifications Authority (SAQA) should be acknowledged as the source.